海绵吸水性能新指标体系的研究与实验分析

Experimental Analysisona New Evaluation Index System of Sponge Water Absorption Performance

基于D6651-01无纺布吸水能力标准,提出了一种评价海绵吸水性能的新指标体系及相关计算式,并对10种不同种类海绵进行吸水性能测试。新指标体系分别按照海绵单位体积和单位质量的吸水能力以及吸水速率进行表征,克服了现有吸水倍率指标评价的单一化,以及现有吸水速率指标评价的局限性;依据新指标体系,可对海绵吸水性能进行细致区分,明确不同种类海绵应用环境。同时,通过扫描电镜(SEM)对海绵内部的微孔结构探测,研究了不同微孔结构对海绵吸水性能的影响。研究结果表明:采用新指标体系可方便直观地选择吸水性能不同的海绵;自主吸水海绵的外在和内在吸收速率随时间呈下降趋势,有的呈现幂函数关系;优质吸水海绵孔隙发达。

Based on the D6651-01 standard for water absorption capacity of nonwoven fabrics,a new index system and related calculation formulas were proposed to evaluate the water absorption performance of sponges.And 10 different types of sponges were tested for their water absorption performance.The new index system characterizes the water absorption capacity and water absorption rate per unit volume and mass of sponge respectively,which overcomes the homogeneity of the existing water absorption multiplicity index and the limitation of the existing water absorption rate index.By the new evaluation indexes,the water absorption performance of sponges can be distinguished in detail,and the application environment of different kinds of sponges can be clarified.At the same time,the influence of different microporous structures on the water absorption performance of sponges was investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)to probe the internal microporous structure of sponges.The results show that the sponge can be easily and intuitively selected according to the new evaluation indicators.In addition,the external absorption rate and internal absorption rate of the self-absorbent sponge decrease with time,and the two evaluation indicators of some spongesshowpower function relationships with time.The high-quality water-absorbent sponge has well-developed microporous network.