清华简《封许之命》所载赏赐物略考

Rewards Documented in Feng Xu Zhi Ming of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips

本文结合青铜器铭文资料,全面梳理清华简《封许之命》中的赏赐物,将其分为玉器和鬯酒等祭祀降神之物、车马器、青铜礼器等三类,探究简文中器物的名称和组合关系,并将它们与部分传世文献中的赏赐物进行了对比研究。同时认为,《封许之命》简文最初的成文年代(包括受命事件、赏赐物品等的年代)是西周早期,但在流传过程中,受到西周中晚期册命金文和春秋时期金文用语的影响有所改写,其抄写年代在战国中晚期。

The present pap er,on the basis of interpretation of bronze inscriptions,p resents a summary of rewards documented in Feng Xu Zhi Ming of Tsinghua bamboo slips.We divided the rewards into three categories:items used for sacrificial and divination events including jade and wine vessels;horse and chariot accouterments;and bronze ritual vessels.We further explored the names and combinations of the vessels and tried to connect them to the rewards documented in some transmitted documents.We propose that Feng Xu Zhi Ming,along with the events and rewards documented in it,was originally written during the early Western Zhou Dynasty.However,the texts,while being transcribed in later times(very likely by the middle to late Warring State period),might have been reworded due to the influence of investiture bronze inscriptions in the middle to late Western Zhou as well as those used in the Spring and Autumn period.