免疫吸附疗法在风湿性疾病中的研究

Study on immunosorbent therapy in rheumatic diseases

风湿性疾病是一种影响关节、骨及其周围软组织的疾病,其主要包括类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、血管炎、系统性硬化症、骨质疏松等。目前风湿病的治疗主要使用激素和免疫抑制剂,但上述药物副作用大,起效时间较长,对于危急重症患者具有局限性。因此国内外学者开展了一种新的治疗方案,即免疫吸附治疗。免疫吸附(IA)是将高度特异性的抗原、抗体或有特定物理化学亲和力的物质(配体)与吸附材料(载体)结合成吸附剂(柱),选择性或特异性地从血浆中去除致病性免疫复合物或自身抗体来改善患者的临床症状从而达到缓解病情的一种血液净化技术。IA安全性高,可有效避免传染病的传播或过敏反应等风险,目前在临床用于风湿性疾病、血液病、神经系统疾病等多种疾病的治疗。本文就近年来免疫吸附疗法风湿病的应用做一综述。

Rheumatic diseases are a group of diseases that affect joints,bones and their surrounding soft tissues,including rheumatoid arthritis,systemic lupus erythematosus,vasculitis,systemic sclerosis,osteoporosis and so on.At present,the treatment of rheumatism is mainly hormone and immunosuppressant,but the above drugs have serious side effects and take effect for a long time,so they have limitations for critical and critically ill patients.Therefore,scholars at home and abroad have carried out a new treatment scheme,that is,immunoadsorption therapy.Immunoadsorption(Immunoadsorption,IA)is a blood purification technique that combines highly specific antigens,antibodies or substances(ligands)with specific physical and chemical affinity with adsorption materials(carriers)to form adsorbents(columns)to selectively or specifically remove pathogenic immune complexes or autoantibodies from plasma to improve patients'clinical symptoms.IA has high safety and can effectively avoid the risk of transmission of infectious diseases or allergic reactions.At present,it is used in the clinical treatment of rheumatic diseases,hematological diseases,nervous system diseases and other diseases.This article reviews the application of immunoadsorption therapy for rheumatism in recent years.