构建社区共同体:社会组织参与社区防控的路径探讨

Construction of Community:Discussion on the Way of Social Organizations Participating in Community Prevention and Control of COVID-19

中国举国体制下的新冠疫情防控中,建立健全突发公共事件应急管理的社会组织参与渠道日趋重要。对新冠肺炎疫情社区防控的多案例研究发现,国内社会组织的社区防疫行动总体上表现出嵌入式发展、网络化协同、多业态融合、信息化运作、强化关键节点等特征,且不约而同地聚焦于社区互助网络的构筑。这类作为社会自救机制的社区互助网络,由居民、志愿者、社区自治组织、社区社会组织、业主组织、物业公司等多元行动主体所组成,促进了社区共同体的形成。参与、链接与支持社区互助网络的形成,进而培育社区共同体,成为疫情治理中关于社会组织参与社区防控效能的最大启示。进一步看,重视枢纽性社会组织的建设,引导社区共同体的发展,开展日常化的社区工作,重视舆论作用是未来社会组织促进疫情治理中出现的社区共同体常态化的有效途径。

In the prevention and control of COVID-19 under the national system in China,it is increasingly important to establish and improve the participation channels of social organizations in the emergency management of public emergencies.A multi-case study on community prevention and control of COVID-19 reveals that the community epidemic prevention and control actions of social organizations in China showed the overall characteristics of embedded development,network collaboration,multi-business integration,information operation,strengthening key nodes,and coincident focused on the construction of community mutual assistance network.This kind of community mutual aid network,as a social self-rescue mechanism,is composed of residents,volunteers,community autonomous organizations,community social organizations,owners’organizations,property companies and other diversified action subjects,which promote the formation of community community.The participation,linkage and support for the formation of community mutual assistance network,so as to cultivate community,which has become the biggest revelation about the effectiveness of social organizations’participation in community prevention and control in epidemic management.Furthermore,attaching importance to the construction of pivotal social organizations,guiding the development of communities,carrying out daily community work,and attaching importance to the role of public opinion are effective ways for social organizations to promote the normalization of communities in epidemic management in the future.