基于3L模式的典型矿业城市景观生态安全研究

Study on landscape ecological security of typical mining cities based on 3L model

景观生态安全是区域可持续发展的基础,以典型矿业城市大冶市为例,在构建区域景观生态安全评价指标体系和方法的基础上,采用逐步回归方法建立景观生态安全状况与土地利用变化类型之间的有机联系,选取斑块个数、斑块平均面积、斑块聚集度指数和斑块形状指数等4个指标表征土地利用变化类型特征,从而形成以“景观生态安全状况-土地利用变化类型-土地利用变化类型特征”为一体的“3L”区域景观生态安全与土地利用变化耦合关系范式,研究结果表明:2005-2015年大冶市景观生态安全状况相对稳定,在218个评价单元中,133个景观生态安全性有所提高,85个有所降低,景观生态安全状况总体处于第4等级;对景观生态安全性影响较大的土地利用变化类型依次为耕地-建设、耕地-草地、耕地-林地和水域-耕地,其中耕地-建设和水域-耕地对区域景观生态安全起负面影响,耕地-草地和耕地-林地对区域景观生态安全起正面影响。研究成果可为区域土地利用管理和景观生态安全维护提供借鉴。

Landscape ecological security is the basis of regional sustainable development.Taking Daye,a typical mining city as an example,based on the establishment of regional landscape ecological security evaluation index system and method,the stepwise regression method was utilized to build the relationship between landscape ecological security and variety of land use.The four indexes including the patch number,averaged patch area,contiguity index of patch and patch shape index characterized the variety of land use.Thereby a"3L"based model of the regional coupling relationship between landscape ecological security and the variety of land use was established which integrated landscape ecological security conditions with variety of land use with characteristics of land use.The results show that the landscape ecological security of Daye city from 2005 to 2015 maintained stable.Among the 218 evaluation units,landscape ecological security of 133 units was upgraded and while that of 85 units were degraded.The overall landscape ecological security Daye city was grade D.The major factors affecting on the landscape ecological security are farmland-construction,farmland-grassland,farmland-forest land and water area-farmland.However farmland-construction and water area-farmland had a negative impact on the regional landscape ecological security,while farmland-grassland and farmland-forest land had a positive impact on the regional landscape ecological security.The results of the study can be used for reference for management on regional land use and landscape ecological security maintenance.