改革开放以来我国学校体育政策法规教育公平维度审查

Review on the Dimension of Education Equity in Physical Education Policies and Regulations since the Reform and Opening up

运用法律解释法,对改革开放以来我国学校体育52部政策法规体系中603相关条文词意、立法目的和条理,进行教育公平的规范维度与程度分析。结果发现:(1)无论是宏观的学校体育法律层、中观的行政法规层还是微观的部委规章层,直接或间接体现教育公平的法条均比较少。学校体育政策立意仍以整体的学校体育的条件、环境、地位等转变为重心,尚未转换至个体体育教育受教公平的微观视域;(2)我国学校体育公平化阶段尚处于教育起点公平和底线级结果公平的“形式公平期”,缺失对体育课教学、资源分配与享用、教学过程和师生互动等行为要求的过程公平制度,未触及体育教育内部的实质公平阶段;(3)我国学校体育政策法规性别敏感度不足,隐含了对学校体育场域性别不公平问题被忽视的潜在威胁和违反不纠的“上层”旨意;(4)学校体育政策法规中弱势类别,以残疾人作为此群体的论述代表,人群指向单一、扶助方式“虚化”。从现行法令中无法得知学校体育中身心障碍体育政策的具体方向。反思,我国学校体育公平制度已渐入眼帘。通过提高学校体育政策法规中公平因素,责任条款数量;制定《学校体育法》专法等,系统建构学校体育公平法律规范体系可有效推动学校体育公平化的实现。预测我国学校体育公平化过程依照起点公平-结果公平-过程公平的程序进行。

The research analyzes the normative dimension and degree of education equity in the legal terms, legislative purposes and order of the physical education policy and regulation system of 603corresponding articles in 52 policies since the reform and opening up. The results:(1) No matter in the macro level of school physical education law, in the middle level of administrative regulations or in the micro level of ministerial regulations, there are relatively few laws that directly or indirectly reflect education equity. The policy idea of physical education still focuses on the overall education condition, physical status has been;(2) The stage of physical education equity in China is still in the “formal-equity period” of education starting point equity and bottom-line result equity. There is no process equity system for physical education teaching, resource allocation and enjoyment, teaching process and teacher-student interaction, and no substantive equity stage within physical education.Reflection, our country equity in physical education system has gradually come into sight. By improving the equity procedure and the number of liability clauses in physical education policies and regulations;Enacting the special law of physical education law and systematically constructing the legal and normative system of physical education fairness can effectively promote the realization of physical education. The process in physical education procedure in China is projected according to the procedure of starting point equity, outcome equity and process equity.