我国中医药高校学生不良饮食行为与中医体质的关联性研究

Correlation between unhealthy dietary behaviors and traditional Chinese medicine constitution among students from colleges and universities of traditional Chinese medicine

目的探讨中医药高校学生不良饮食行为与中医体质之间的关联。方法 2021年4月10-30日选取国内5所中医药大学(山东、安徽、河南、陕西、甘肃)的在校大学生为研究对象,以班级为单位,采用多级抽样法获取研究对象,问卷调查其饮食行为、中医体质和人口学特征等,运用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析。结果共调查 3 825人,收回有效问卷3 700份(96.7%)。学生平和质的检出率为7.9%,不同性别和不同体型学生间的平和质检出率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);平和质与偏颇质学生间关注饮食、锻炼控重、饮食失控、暴饮暴食、体型否定、不满体型等方面的差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。多因素分析结果提示,关注饮食(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.14~1.68)、锻炼控重(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.03~1.39)、不满体型(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.10~1.45)都利于平和质的形成。结论我国中医药高校学生平和质的检出率不高,饮食行为可能是影响平和质形成的重要因素。

Objective To investigate the correlation between unhealthy dietary behaviors and traditional Chinese medicine constitution among students from colleges and universities of traditional Chinese medicine.Methods College students from Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine and Gansu University of Chinese Medicine were collected during April 10-30,2021 and grouped taking classes as units.Research subjects were obtained by multistage sampling.Their dietary behaviors,traditional Chinese medicine constitution and demographic characteristics were surveyed using questionnaires.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS23.0 software.Results A total of 3825 college students were investigated and 3700 valid questionnaires(96.7%)were collected.Peaceful constitution was detected in 7.9%of included college students.There was significant difference in peaceful constitution among studies of different sexes and different body types(P<0.05).There were significant differences in attention to diet,physical exercise and body weight control,out-of-control diet,excessive eating and drinking,denying body shape,and dissatisfaction with body shape between patients with peaceful and unbalanced constitutions.Multivariate analysis showed that attention to diet(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.14-1.68),physical exercise and body weight control(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.03-1.39),dissatisfaction with body shape(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.10-1.45)were conducive to the development of peaceful constitution.Conclusion Students from colleges and universities of traditional Chinese medicine have a low proportion of developing peaceful constitution.Dietary behaviors may be an important factor that affects the development of peaceful constitution.