欠发达地区人口流动及其城镇化效应——以甘肃省为例

Population migration and its urbanization effect in underdeveloped areas:Gansu Province as an example

人口的快速流动带来城镇化发展的变迁,相较于发达地区,欠发达地区的人口流动与城镇化发展模式有其特殊性。以甘肃省为例,对其人口流动背景下欠发达地区城镇化发展的空间影响进行系统分析。结果显示:以甘肃省为典型代表的欠发达地区的人口流动经历了乡村人口向城镇地区迁移、城镇间人口迁移、跨区域人口迁移三个阶段,城市、县域人口收缩和乡村空心化等问题愈发严重。在人口流动背景下,城镇化发展具有明显的尺度效应,同时,人口流动及其城镇化发展呈现出较为明显的空间关联特点,现阶段面临乡村人口流失与城镇人口流失的双重压力,城镇化发展呈现出较为明显的伪增长特点。

The rapid population flow has caused dramatic changes in the development of urbanization. Compared with developed regions, population flow and urbanization development patterns in underdeveloped regions have their particularities. Taking Gansu, an underdeveloped province, as an example, this study systematically analyzes the spatial impact of population mobility on regional urbanization development. The results showed that: the population flow in the underdeveloped areas represented by Gansu Province has gone through three stages: the migration of rural population to urban areas, the migration of population between cities and regions, and the migration of population across regions. Hollowing and other problems are becoming more and more serious. Population mobility has an obvious scale effect on the development of urbanization, and population mobility and changes in urbanization show obvious spatial correlation characteristics. At this stage, population loss in underdeveloped areas is facing the dual pressure of rural population loss and urban population loss, and urbanization development shows obvious pseudo-growth characteristics.