多维“国家距离”视野下的涉华舆情运作机制--基于GDELT新闻大数据的实证分析

Research of China-Related Public Opinion Operating Mechanism from the Perspective of Multi-Dimensional National Distance-Empirical Analysis Based on GDELT News Big Data

[研究目的]涉华舆情是国外媒体构建中国国家形象的主要途径,充分了解其中的运作机制对于加强中国国际传播能力建设具有重要意义。[研究方法]该文将国外媒体构建的涉华舆情区分为舆论关注度和舆论情感度,并且构建了四维国家距离分析框架予以解释,进而对从GDELT数据库提取的2015-2019年全球96个国家7600万篇涉华新闻报道进行分析。[研究结论]研究发现:在2015-2019年,国外媒体对中国的关注度呈现逐步增大的趋势;在2015-2017年,国外媒体对中国的报道态度较为积极,但此后消极态度开始增强;仅有经济距离是影响涉华舆情关注度和情感度的因素;经济距离对涉华舆情情感度的影响主要存在于发达国家。上述研究结论揭示出经济距离对涉华舆情的重要影响,这为有关部门加强国际传播能力建设提供了理论依据和经验参考。

[Research purpose]China-related public opinion is the main way for foreign media to build China's national image.A full understanding of the operating mechanism is of great significance for strengthening China's international communication capabilities.[Research method]This research divides China-related public opinion constructed by foreign media into public opinion attention and public opinion sentiment,and constructs a four-dimension national distance analysis framework to explain them,namely,geographical distance,economic distance,institutional distance,and cultural distance,and analyzes the 76 million China-related news reports in 96 countries from 2015 to 2019 extracted from the GDELT database.[Research conclusion]The following findings are obtained:From 2015 to 2019,foreign media's attention to China has gradually increased trends;From 2015 to 2017,foreign media reported China more positively,while negative attitudes began to increase after that;Only economic distance is a factor that affects the attention and sentiment of China-related public opinion;The influence of economic distance on the sentiment of China-related public opinion mainly exists in developed countries.This research reveals the important impact of economic distance on China-related public opinion,which provides a theoretical basis and empirical reference for relevant departments to strengthen the construction of international communication capabilities.