山东省肺炎支原体肺炎住院患儿横断面研究

A cross-sectional study of hospitalized children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in Shandong pro-vince

目的探讨山东省31家公立医院儿科、呼吸科住院患儿肺炎支原体(MP)感染所导致的肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)在秋冬季节,不同地区、性别和年龄的感染情况,进一步分析儿童MPP的流行病学特征。方法采用横断面研究方法,通过发放调查问卷,收集并汇总2021年9月1日至12月15日山东省31家公立医院儿科、呼吸科住院患儿的基本信息、MPP患儿的流行病学特征、实验室及病原学检测结果,采用χ2检验进行组间差异比较。结果2021年9月1日至12月15日31家医院共收住院患儿39970例,其中确诊MPP患儿17613例,患病率为44.07%。胶东地区的MPP患儿患病率较其他地区高。血清学检测为确诊病例的主要方法(16730例,76.06%),且MPP合并其他感染的患儿中以合并乙型流感病毒和肺炎链球菌感染为主。33.03%(5817/17613例)的MPP患儿行支气管镜检查,检查适应证主要为肺不张,多数患儿镜下可见黏膜糜烂/溃疡。MPP患儿的主要并发症为肺不张(23.47%,4133/17613例),同时也发现了坏死性肺炎(0.53%,94/17613例)、肺栓塞(0.16%,29/17613例)等较为严重的肺内、外并发症。结论秋冬季节山东省儿童MPP患病率呈较高态势,应及时关注MPP入院患儿各项临床检查指标,对MPP患儿进行积极的诊疗,预防并发症的发生,促进患儿MPP的康复。

Objective To investigate Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)infected by Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)in children of different age and gender admitted to the Pediatric and Respiratory Departments of 31 public hospitals in different regions of Shandong province in autumn and winter,and to further analyze the epidemiological characteristics of MPP in children.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect and summarize basic information,epidemiological characteristics of children with MPP,laboratory and etiological test results of hospitalized from 31 public hospitals in Shandong Province from September 1,2021 to December 15,2021 through questionnaire issuance.The differences between groups were compared by theχ2 test.Results Among 39970 children hospitalized in 31 hospitals from September 1,2021 to December 15,2021,17613 were diagnosed with MPP,with a prevalence rate of 44.07%.There were more children diagnosed with MPP in Eastern Shandong than those in other regions.Serological tests were the main method of confirming the disease(16730 cases,76.06%).The combined infections in MPP patients were primarily caused by the influenza B virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.A total of 33.03%(5817/17613 cases)of children with MPP underwent bronchoscopy.The main indication was atelectasis,and mucosal erosion/ulcers were found in most of the children.The main complication of MPP was pleural atelectasis(23.47%,4133/17613 cases).Severe intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary complications also occurred in some patients,including necrotizing pneumonia(0.53%,94/17613 cases),pulmonary embolism(0.16%,29/17613 cases)etc.Conclusions The prevalence of MPP in children in Shandong province is high in autumn and winter.It is necessary to pay attention to the clinical examination indicators of hospitalized children with MPP,actively give treatment to children with MPP,prevent the occurrence of complications,and promote the physical recovery of children.