颌间牵引钉联合微型钛板内固定术治疗颌骨骨折患者的效果

Effect of intermaxillary traction screw combined with miniature titanium plate internal fixation in treatment of mandibular fracture

目的探讨颌间牵引钉联合微型钛板内固定术治疗颌骨骨折患者的效果。方法选取新乡医学院第一附属医院2019年1月—2021年2月收治的颌骨骨折患者76例,将应用牙弓夹板联合微型钛板内固定术治疗的38例作为对照组,将应用颌间牵引钉联合微型钛板内固定术治疗的38例作为观察组,比较两组治疗效果、治疗前后牙周指标、口腔功能评估量表变化与不良反应发生率。结果采用颌间牵引钉联合微型钛板内固定观察组治疗的总有效率94.74%,高于采用牙弓夹板联合微型钛板内固定对照组的78.95%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.146,P=0.042);两组治疗前菌斑指数、牙龈指数与软垢指数比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组治疗后菌斑指数(1.05±0.30)、牙龈指数(1.15±0.40)与软垢指数(0.85±0.17)均低于对照组的(1.55±0.32)、(2.05±0.51)和(1.12±0.22)(t=7.027,8.560,5.986;P=0.000);两组治疗前口腔美观、舒适度、咀嚼功能与固定情况比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组治疗后口腔美观(8.81±1.15)、舒适度(9.15±0.62)、咀嚼功能(9.05±0.81)与固定情况(8.75±0.99)均高于对照组的(7.02±0.95)、(8.00±0.90)、(7.80±0.68)和(7.41±0.95)(t=7.397,6.487,7.285、6.020;P=0.000);观察组不良反应发生率5.26%,低于对照组的26.32%(χ^(2)=6.333,P=0.012)。结论颌间牵引钉联合微型钛板内固定术治疗颌骨骨折患者的效果确切,可改善牙周指标,提升患者口腔功能。

Objective To investigate the effect of intermaxillary traction screw combined with titanium plate internal fixation in the treatment of mandibular fracture.Methods A total of 76 patients with jaw fracture admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College were selected.38 patients were treated with dental arch splint combined with titanium plate internal fixation as the control group,and 38 patients were treated with intermaxillary traction screw combined with titanium plate internal fixation as the observation group.The therapeutic effect,changes of periodontal indexes,oral function assessment scale and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate was 94.74%in the observation group,which was higher than 78.95%in the control group(χ^(2)=4.146,P=0.042).Comparison of plaque index,gingival index and soft scale index between two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the plaque index(1.05±0.30),gingival index(1.15±0.40)and soft scale index(0.85±0.17)of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(1.55±0.32),(2.05±0.51)and(1.12±0.22)(t=7.027,8.560,5.986;P=0.000);Comparison of oral beauty,comfort,chewing function and fixation before treatment between two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,oral aesthetics(8.81±1.15),comfort(9.15±0.62),chewing function(9.05±0.81)and fixation(8.75±0.99)of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(7.02±0.95),(8.00±0.90),(7.80±0.68)and(7.41±0.95)(t=7.397,6.487,7.285,6.020;P=0.000);The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 5.26%,lower than that in the control group(26.32%)(χ^(2)=6.333,P=0.012).Conclusion Intermaxillary traction screw combined with titanium plate internal fixation is effective in the treatment of mandibular fracture,which can improve periodontal indexes and oral function of patients.