广东海丰鸟类省级自然保护区鸟类群落结构及多样性分析

Analysis of Bird Community Structure and Diversity in Haifeng Bird Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province

自然保护区作为生态系统保护较为完整的区域,不仅是生物多样性的管理主体,更是对生物多样性保护起着重要作用,在保护区内开展长期、有效的监测是实现生物多样性保护的有效途径。为此,在2019年9月至2020年9月,采用样线法对广东海丰鸟类省级自然保护区的鸟类进行调查。结果如下:共调查纪录到鸟类15目43科120种,种类上雀形目鸟类最多,数量上鹳形目鸟类最多;居留型上,留鸟和冬候鸟最多,分别占总数的43.33%和41.67%;鸟类区系以古北种为主,占鸟类总数的42.50%;季节上,冬季物种数与个体数为四季最高;海丰保护区内珍稀濒危鸟类众多,有国家二级保护物种11种;广东省重点保护野生物种19种;CITES附录Ⅱ 6种。

As a relatively complete area of ecosystem protection, the nature reserve is not only the main body of biodiversity management but also plays an important role in biodiversity conservation. Long-term and effective monitoring of the nature reserves is an effective way to achieve biodiversity conservation. To this end,we investigated birds in Guangdong Haifeng Ornithological Provincial Nature Reserve from September 2019to September 2020 using the transect method. The results were as follows: A total of 120 species of birds were recorded in 43 families of 15 orders. Passerine birds were the most abundant in species and stork birds were the most abundant in number. In terms of residence type, resident birds and winter birds accounted for 43.33% and 41.67% of the total, respectively. Palaearctic species dominated the ornithological fauna, accounting for 42.50%of the total number of birds. In season, the number of species and individuals in winter was the highest in four seasons. There are many rare and endangered birds in Haifeng Reserve, and there are 11 national second-class protected species. There are 19 key protected wild species in Guangdong province. CITES Appendix Ⅱ 6 species.