哈尔滨市市政供水中三氯甲烷和四氯化碳含量及健康风险评估

Levels of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride in municipal water supplies in Harbin and assessment on health risks

目的分析哈尔滨市市政供水中三氯甲烷和四氯化碳含量,评估其对人体健康风险。方法2017—2019年,根据哈尔滨市市政管网分布及其供水人口居住密度设置监测点采集水样进行监测分析,采用健康风险评价方法进行评价。结果2017—2019年枯水期、丰水期哈尔滨市市政供水中三氯甲烷浓度M分别为3×10^(-4)、3×10^(-4),3×10^(-4)、3×10^(-4)和2.5×10^(-3)、1×10^(-4)mg/L;2017—2019年枯水期、丰水期哈尔滨市市政供水中四氯化碳浓度M分别为5×10^(-5)、5×10^(-5),5×10^(-5)、5×10^(-5)和5×10^(-5)、5×10^(-5)mg/L。2017—2019年哈尔滨市市政供水三氯甲烷和四氯化碳总致癌风险为1.4205×10^(-6),危害指数为4.59×10^(-3)。结论哈尔滨市市政供水中三氯甲烷和四氯化碳存在一定的健康风险,虽在可接受限值之内,但也应引起重视。

Objective To analyze the levels of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride in municipal water supplies in Harbin,assess their risks to human health.Methods From 2017 to 2019,according to the distribution of municipal pipe network and the residential density of water supply population in Harbin,monitoring stations were set to collect water samples for monitoring and analysis,and health risk assessment method was adopted for evaluation.Results The concentrations M of chloroform in municipal water supplies in Harbin during the dry season and flood season from 2017 to 2019 were 3×10^(-4),3×10^(-4),3×10^(-4),3×10^(-4) and 2.5×10^(-3),1×10^(-4)mg/L,respectively.The concentrations M of carbon tetrachloride in municipal water supplies in Harbin during the dry season and flood season from 2017 to 2019 were 5×10^(-5),5×10^(-5),5×10^(-5),5×10^(-5)and 5×10^(-5),5×10^(-5)mg/L,respectively.From 2017to 2019,the total carcinogenic risk of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride in municipal water supplies in Harbin was 1.4205×10^(-6),and the hazard index was 4.59×10^(-3).Conclusion There is a certain health risks from the chloroform and carbon tetrachloride in municipal water supplies in Harbin,which is in the acceptable limits,but should be paid attention to.