辽宁省稻田养殖中华绒螯蟹中可食部分砷的含量特征及食用安全评价

Characterization of arsenic and evaluation of food safety in the edible fraction of Eriocheir sinensis cultured in rice fields in Liaoning Province

目的 评价稻田养殖中华绒螯蟹体内砷的污染水平和膳食风险。方法 从辽宁省盘锦市和鞍山市采集了560份样本,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪和高效液相色谱-原子荧光法测定了肌肉、肝胰腺及性腺总砷和总无机砷[As(Ⅲ)和As(V)]的含量,并利用目标危险商数(target hazard quotient,THQ)和致癌风险(cancer risk,CR)来评价对人体的健康风险。结果 中华绒螯蟹中总砷均值呈现雌蟹肝胰腺与性腺>雄蟹肝胰腺与性腺>雄蟹肌肉>雌蟹肌肉的趋势,其中雄蟹肌肉与雌蟹肝胰腺及性腺总砷均值之间有显著性差异(P<0.05),雌蟹肌肉与肝胰腺及性腺总砷均值之间具有显著差异(P<0.05);总无机砷均值呈现雌蟹肝胰腺与性腺>雄蟹肝胰腺与性腺>雌蟹肌肉>雄蟹肌肉的趋势,总无机砷含量仅占总砷含量的5.014%~6.250%;盘锦市盘山县大洼区和胡家镇梁家村几个采样点的总砷和总无机砷含量相较于其他地区偏高,而其余的采样点总砷和总无机砷含量处在一个相对较低的水平;稻田养殖中华绒螯蟹所有样品的THQ值远低于1,CR值在10-6和10-4之间,经判别仅具有低致癌风险(levelⅡ)。结论 稻田养殖中华绒螯蟹不会对消费者造成潜在的健康危害。

Objective To evaluate the level of arsenic contamination and dietary risk in rice-farmed Eriocheir sinensis.Methods In this study,560 samples were collected from Panjin and Anshan Cities of Liaoning Province,and the levels of total arsenic and total inorganic arsenic [As(Ⅲ) and As(V)] in muscle,hepatopancreas and gonads were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence,respectively,and the target hazard quotient(THQ) and carcinogenic risk(CR) were used to evaluate the health risk to humans.Results The mean values of total arsenic in Eriocheir sinensis showed a trend of female crab hepatopancreas and gonads>male crab hepatopancreas and gonads>male crab muscle>female crab muscle,where there was a significant difference between the mean values of total arsenic in male muscle and female hepatopancreas and gonads(Pmale crab hepatopancreas and gonads>female crab muscles>male crab muscles,and the total inorganic arsenic content only accounted for 5.014%-6.250% of the total arsenic content;the total arsenic and total inorganic arsenic content at several sampling sites in Dawa District and Liangjia Village,Hujia Town,Panshan County,Panjin City were relatively high compared to other areas,while the total arsenic and total inorganic arsenic content at the rest of the sampling sites were at a relatively low level.The THQ values for all samples of rice-farmed Eriocheir sinensis were well below 1 and the CR values were between 10-6 and 10-4,which were judged to be of low carcinogenic risk(level Ⅱ) only.Conclusion The farming of Eriocheir sinensis in rice fields does not pose a potential health hazard to consumers.