高空抛物罪“情节严重”要素的司法认定

Judicial Determination of the Elements of"Serious Circumstances"in the Crime of Throwing Objects from a Height

高空抛物罪“情节严重”要素在司法实践中的认定存在较大的偏差。“情节严重”要素是作为整体评价要素的构成要件要素,影响着行为不法的量的判断,征表着高空抛物罪的具体危险犯属性。判断“情节严重”要素,应当遵循自由主义刑法原理限制“情节严重”要素的成立范围,秉持结果无价值论立场排除主观要素被纳入“情节严重”要素的涵摄范围。认定“情节严重”要素,需要结合行为当时高空的高度、所抛物品的性质、物品坠落地点的特征进行综合判断,牢牢把握住“没有人(或者财物)就没有具体危险”的“情节严重”否定情形和“产生人身伤亡、财产损害现实危险”“多次实施”“造成恶劣影响”以及“其他严重情节”的“情节严重”肯定情形。

There is a big deviation in the determination of the elements of"serious circumstances"in the crime of throwing objects from a height in judicial practice.As a constituent element of the overall evaluation,the elements of"serious circumstances"affect the judgment of the amount of illegal act and represent the specific dangerous crime attribute of the crime of throwing objects from a height.To judge the elements of"serious circumstances",we should follow the principle of liberal criminal law to limit its scope,and adhere to the result-worthless theory to exclude the subjective elements from being included in the elements of"serious circumstances".To determine the elements of"serious circumstances",it is necessary to make a comprehensive judgment based on the height of the altitude at the time of the act,the nature of the object thrown and the characteristics of the place where the object fell,and firmly grasp the exclusion rule of"serious circumstances"that"there is no specific danger if there is no person(or property)",and affirmation of"serious circumstances"such as"real danger of personal casualties and property damage","repeated implementation","causing bad impact"and"other serious circumstances".