农村社会保险对农户土地转出行为的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证检验

Impact of Rural Social Insurance on Farmer’s Behavior of Renting Land out:Empirical Test Based on CHARLS Data

基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)的微观调查数据,采用多种计量模型实证分析农村社会保险对农户土地转出行为的影响,得到以下结论:新型农村合作医疗保险会对农地转出产生显著的阻碍作用,但其阻碍作用会随着时间推移逐渐弱化;而新型农村养老保险会对农地转出产生显著的促进作用,且该促进作用会随着时间推移表现出先减弱后趋于稳定的特征。在进一步研究中发现,新农保能在一定程度上缓和新农合对农地转出的不利影响,且这种缓和作用不断增强。新农合和新农保作为农村社会保障的重要内容,对农村土地流转具有一定影响。因而,政府应不断完善农村社会保险制度,扩大保障覆盖面,提高保障水平,弱化土地的社会保障功能,促进农民土地流转。同时,注重新农合政策和新农保政策的协同配合,完善相关机制,促进两者联动发展,从根本上解决农民流转土地的后顾之忧。

Based on the micro-investigation data of CHARLS,a variety of measurement models are adopted to empirically analyze the impact of rural social insurance on farmer’s land rent-out behavior. The discoveries are as follows:firstly,the new rural cooperative medical insurance has an eminent damping effect on farmland rent-out,but the effect wanes gradually as time goes on. Secondly,the new type of pension insurance for rural residents can eminently promote farmland rent-out,and the promotion function weakens at first and becomes stabilized as time goes on. Further researches find out that the new type of pension insurance for rural residents can alleviate,to a certain degree,the unfavorable influence of new rural cooperative medical insurance on farmland rent-out, with the alleviation function constantly increasing. The study suggests that the new rural cooperative medical insurance and the new type of pension insurance for rural residents,both as an important component of rural social security,have a certain influence on rural land circulation. Hence,the government should persist in perfecting the rural social security system,expanding its coverage,improving its level,and reducing the social security function of land so as to promote the circulation of farmland. Meanwhile,attention should be paid to the synergetic coordination between policies on new rural cooperative medical insurance and new type of pension insurance for rural residents;relative mechanisms should be perfected to benefit the interactive development of the two systems,so that farmers’ worries about the future after land circulation could be resolved fundamentally.