地形云催化增雨试验研究进展

Research progress on the scientific experiment of topographic cloud catalytic precipitation enhancement

地形云作为最具有前景和可行的人工影响云系,受到人工影响天气工作者和研究人员的关注。本文分析了国内外地形云催化增雨野外科学试验的历史进程,总结了野外科学试验中取得的成果,梳理了在地形云催化增雨试验中需关注的几个关键科学问题,包括对地形云自然降水过程的分析、地形云系统中过冷水在云内的分布、山地云系的微物理过程演变特征及其与中尺度动力结构的关联,介绍了宁夏开展地形云野外科学试验的实践,提出了加快地形云催化野外科学试验,提高地形云云水资源开发利用的对策及建议。为解决中国西北地区干旱问题,推动黄河流域生态环境保护及高质量发展提供了一种思路。

As the most promising and feasible artificial influence cloud system,topographic clouds have been paid much attention by weather modification practitioners and researchers.In this paper,the historical process of field scientific experiments of topographic cloud catalytic precipitation enhancement at home and abroad were analyzed.The results obtained from the field scientific experiments are summarized.Several key scientific issues that need to be followed in the topographic cloud catalytic precipitation enhancement experiment are sorted out,including the analysis of the natural precipitation process of the topographic cloud,the distribution of supercooled water among the cloud in the topographic cloud system,and the evolution characteristics of the microphysical process of the mountain cloud system and its relationship with the mesoscale dynamic structure.The practice of carrying out topographic cloud field scientific experiments in Ningxia is introduced.The countermeasures and suggestions for accelerating the field scientific experiment of topographic cloud catalysis and improving the development and utilization of topographic cloud resources are put forward.It provides a way of thinking to solve the drought problem in the northwest region and promote the ecological environment protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.