“戴红袖章的街道大妈”与新中国初期城市街道治理

Jiedao Dama with Red Armband and Urban Street Governance in the Early Years of New China

“戴红袖章的街道大妈”体现了城市街道治理的“赋性别化”特点,原本居家的家庭妇女卷入公共参与,成为翻身的劳动妇女、治街如治家的女性积极分子。“戴红袖章的街道大妈”并非基层权力角色,而是一个街道治理形象。这一形象建构是国家与妇联组织围绕“中心工作”的共谋和共建,是诉苦机制和同构机制的结合,也有传统性别角色的嵌入。在街道治理实践中,国家权力在城市进一步扎下根来,妇联组织回归“娘家”定位。“戴红袖章的街道大妈”是一个值得关注的具有丰富内涵的概念。

Jiedao dama with red armband is the classic symbol of gender politics with unique Chinese cultural and historical characteristics.It clearly shows that female activists participated in the construction of state power in the early days of New China and became a unique image of urban street governance.“Jiedao dama”indicates a working woman who turns over and a female activist who runs the street as she manages a family.Those housewives who originally stayed at home were absorbed into public service and became a symbol of city governance.This image construction is both a conspiracy and a co-construction around the“central work”of the State and the Women’s Federation.It is a combination of speaking bitterness(suku),co-constuction mechanism,and traditional gender role.This coordination mechanism resolves their differences and promotes mutual compromise between the state and the Women’s Federation.“Jiedao dama with red armband”is a concept with rich connotations.