地表水总磷检测条件优化实验研究

Experimental Study on Optimization of Detection Conditions for Total Phosphorus in Surface Water

指出了总磷是湖库地表水必测项目,能很好地反映水体受污染和富营养化程度。但受分析方法制约将严重影响地表水的分类与评价。从采样环节到实验分析全过程对总磷检测进行了实验条件最大优化,提出了采样容器和样品玻璃器皿必须洁净并用酸泡洗,浊度过高的水样需自然沉降或离心处理,必要时可进行浊度色度补偿,采集水样后需加固定剂以及保证样品运输科学,检测试剂达优级纯试剂以上,水样显色温度15~30℃、显色15 min检测结果较为理想,显色完成后应尽快进行吸光度测定的建议,以免影响比色结果准确性。

Total phosphorus(TP) is a must-measure item for lake and reservoir surface water,which can well reflect the degree of water pollution and eutrophication.The limitation of analytical methods will seriously affect the classification and evaluation of surface water.The experimental conditions for total phosphorus detection are optimized to the maximum.It is concluded that the sampling container and sample glassware must be clean and washed with acid.Turbidity and chromaticity compensation can be performed.After collecting water samples,fixatives should be added to ensure scientific transportation of samples.The detection reagents are above the pure reagents of excellent grade.The color development temperature of water samples is 15~30 ℃and the detection results show that color developing temperature of 15 min are ideal.The absorbance should be determined as soon as possible after the color developing is completed to avoid affecting the accuracy of the colorimetric results.