消防水箱兼作调谐阻尼器的减震效果建模分析

Modeling and Analysis of Shock Absorption Effect of Fire Water Tank as Tuned Damper

为提升建筑物抗震性能,充分利用消防水箱的作用,建模分析消防水箱兼作调谐阻尼器的减震效果。通过消防水箱内液体振荡的力学模型分析振动效应,求解脉冲质量与振荡质量,并结合水箱安装方式,构建水箱-结构体系多自由度计算模型,利用该模型求解减震率,分析减震效果。试验结果表明:安装消防水箱可提升近场与远场地震波的层间位移减震率、楼层加速度减震率,水箱在远场地震波作用下的减震效果更为显著;水箱处于浅水时,减震效果最好,但水的深度不易过浅,过浅时会出现碎波现象,影响减震效果;摆长较短时,水箱减震效果最佳;压力下降系数为11时,顶层位移最小,水箱控制力最大,峰值分别是0.13 m、2.48 N。

In order to improve the seismic performance of buildings and make full use of the function of fire water tank, the damping effect of fire water tank as a tuned damper is analyzed.Through the mechanical model of liquid oscillation in the fire water tank, the vibration effect is analyzed, and the impulse mass and oscillation mass are solved.Combined with the installation mode of the water tank, the multi degree of freedom calculation model of the water tank structure system is constructed, and the damping rate is calculated by using the model to analyze the damping effect.The test results show that the installation of fire water tank can improve the interlayer displacement damping rate and floor acceleration damping rate of near-field and far-field seismic waves, and the comparison shows that the damping effect of water tank under far-field seismic wave is more significant;when the water tank is in shallow water, the damping effect is the best, but the depth of the water is not easy to be too shallow, when it is too shallow, there will be wave breaking phenomenon, which affects the damping effect;when the swing length is short, the damping effect of water tank is the best;when the pressure drop coefficient is 11,the displacement of the top floor is the smallest and the control force of the water tank is the largest, with the peak values of 0.13 m and 2.48 N respectively.