优化我国公平竞争审查第三方评估制度的思考

Thoughts on Optimizing the Third-Party Evaluation System of Fair Competition Review in China

我国公平竞争审查所采取的“谁制定谁审查”这一自查原则,虽然很好地契合了我国的现实情况,但其制约机制乏力、专业性薄弱等缺陷在实践中日益凸显。具有独立性、专业性、高效性的第三方评估制度,以其突出的监督、制约功能对克服该缺陷具有独特价值。我国公平竞争审查第三方评估制度对公平竞争审查制度的实施发挥了积极作用,但其从功能定位到制度规则均存在不足,应采取以下措施进行优化:对新修改施行的《反垄断法》所增加的“公平竞争审查制度”进行解释,以“法律解释”的方法将公平竞争审查第三方评估作为公平竞争审查制度的重要组成部分纳入《反垄断法》调整范围,在现有“辅助式”第三方评估基础上增加“独立式第三方评估”,建立统一的第三方受托人遴选标准与程序,加大对评估者违法违纪行为的责任追究力度。

Although the self-examination principle of“who formulates who reviews”adopted by China’s fair competition review is well in line with China’s reality,its shortcomings such as weak restraint mechanism and weak professionalism are becoming more and more prominent in practice.The independent,professional and efficient third-party evaluation system has unique value for overcoming this defect with its outstanding supervision and restraint functions.China’s third-party evaluation system has played a positive role in the implementation of the fair competition review system,but it has some deficiencies from functional positioning to institutional rules.The following measures should be taken to optimize it:incorporating the third-party evaluation of fair competition review into the adjustment scope of the Antimonopoly Law as an important part of the fair competition review system by interpreting the“fair competition review system”introduced into the newly revised Antimonopoly Law;combining“independent third-party evaluation”with the existing“auxiliary third-party evaluation”;establishing unified selection criteria and procedures for third-party trustees;and strengthening the accountability for the assessors’violations of laws and discipline.