基于蛋氨酸代谢调控的内源性抗氧化分子机制

Endogenous antioxidant molecular mechanism via methionine metabolism

蛋氨酸是一种含硫必需氨基酸,在蛋白质组成和新陈代谢中都发挥着独特的作用。蛋氨酸具有内源性抗氧化作用,一方面蛋氨酸在蛋氨酸亚砜还原酶(MSR)作用下通过自身氧化还原反应来发挥内源性抗氧化作用,另一方面蛋氨酸可通过代谢途径(GSH合成、Nrf2抗氧化通路等)来增强内源性抗氧化能力。然而目前缺乏对蛋氨酸抗氧化分子机制全面深入的研究报道。因此,本文在蛋氨酸代谢的基础上,对蛋氨酸促进GSH合成、激活MSR抗氧化系统以及调控Nrf2抗氧化通路的分子机制进行综述,并对GSH合成、MSR与Nrf2抗氧化体系之间的关系进行阐述,为全面解析蛋氨酸内源性抗氧化分子机制提供理论依据。

Methionine is a sulfur⁃containing essential amino acid,which plays a unique role in protein composition and metabolism.Methionine has an endogenous antioxidant effect:on the one hand,methionine exerts endogenous antioxidant effect through redox reaction under the catalysis of methionine sulfoxide reductase(MSR);on the other hand,methionine can enhance endogenous antioxidant capacity through metabolic pathways(e.g.,GSH synthesis and Nrf2 antioxidant pathway).However,there is currently a lack of comprehensive and in⁃depth research reports on the molecular mechanism of antioxidant activity of methionine.Therefore,based on the methionine metabolism,this review summarized the molecular mechanisms of methionine in promoting GSH synthesis,activating MSR antioxidant system,and regulating Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.The relationship among the GSH synthesis,MSR,and Nrf2 antioxidant system was elaborated.This review can provide theoretical reference for a comprehensive understanding of the endogenous antioxidant molecular mechanism of methionine.