免耕与秸秆还田对直播稻产量及水分利用的影响

Effects of no-tillage and straw returning on yield and water use of direct seeding rice

于2017—2018年连续2年设置了翻耕+秸秆不还田(CT+NS)、翻耕+秸秆还田(CT+S)、免耕+秸秆不还田(NT+NS)、免耕+秸秆还田(NT+S)4种处理,研究免耕与秸秆还田对直播水稻的产量及水分利用的影响.试验结果表明,NT+S下直播水稻的产量为9.08~9.63 t/hm^(2),与CT+NS和CT+S的差异不具有统计学意义,而较NT+NS显著增加了10.05%~13.36%.与CT+S相比,NT+S的需水量显著下降了5.17%~7.24%,达到555.0~576.7 mm.2年间均以NT+S的水分生产率最高,分别为1.63和1.67 kg/m^(3),较NT+NS显著增长了12.90%和11.56%.与NT+S相比,CT+S的水分生产率无显著变化;CT+NS的水生产率在2017年显著低于NT+S,而在2018年差异不具有统计学意义.

A experiment was performed to investigate the effects of four treatments:CT+NS(conventional tillage+no straw return),CT+S(conventional tillage+straw return),NT+NS(no-tillage+no straw return),NT+S(no-tillage+straw return)on rice yield and water utilization of direct seeding rice in 2017 and 2018.The experimental results show that the yield of direct seeding rice under NT+S is 9.08-9.63 t/hm^(2),which is not significant difference with CT+NS and CT+S,but it is significantly increased by 10.05%-13.36%compared with NT+NS.Therefor,compared with CT+S,the water demand of NT+S has decreased significantly by 5.17%-7.24%,reaching 555.0-576.7 mm.However,the water demand of NT+NS is not significantly different from that of NT+S.Moreover,NT+S has the highest water productivity,1.63 kg/m^(3) and 1.67 kg/m^(3) respectively in two years,which is a significant increase of 12.90%and 11.56%compared with NT+NS.In addition,the water productivity of CT+NS is significantly lower than that of NT+S in 2017,but has no significant difference in 2018.