河西地区滴灌春玉米对不同灌溉决策方法的响应

Response of drip-irrigated spring maize to different irrigation decision-making methods in Hexi region

基于3种灌溉决策方法(土壤水分、蒸散量、土水势),设置10个灌溉处理(CK,W_(1),W_(2),E_(P100),E_(P80),E_(F100),E F80,P_(25),P_(45),P_(65)),研究不同灌溉决策方法对河西地区春玉米生长、产量及水分利用效率WUE的影响.结果表明:基于土壤水分、蒸散量、土水势调控灌溉下产量最高的处理分别为CK,E_(P100)和P_(25);处理CK的产量比E_(P100)和P_(25)分别增大6.90%和8.28%.CK的春玉米生长和干物质积累最优,但是耗水量最大,为718.54 mm,比E_(P100)增大26.13%和11.57%.处理E_(P100)的产量显著低于CK,但WUE显著高于CK.处理P_(25)较CK和E_(P100)灌水次数多,产量和水分利用效率表现均不突出.处理E_(P80)和E_(P100)的产量和WUE差异不具有统计学意义.综合考虑产量、水分利用效率和灌溉决策方法的适用性,基于过去蒸散量调控灌溉,每周灌水定额为80%ET_(0)(E_(P80))是最适合河西地区春玉米高效稳产的灌溉决策方法.

Based on three irrigation decision-making methods(soil moisture,evapotranspiration,soil water potential),ten irrigation treatments(CK,W_(1),W_(2),E_(P100),E_(P80),E_(F100),E F80,P_(25),P_(45),P_(65))were designed to study the effects of different irrigation decision-making methods on the growth,grain yield,water and nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize.The results show that the highest grain yield is obtained by CK,E_(P100) and P_(25) under the soil moisture,evapotranspiration and soil water potential based irrigation methods,respectively.The yield of CK is 6.90%and 8.28%higher than that of E_(P100) and P_(25),respectively.The growth and dry matter accumulation of spring maize are highest under CK,but its water consumption is largest(718.54 mm),which is 26.13%and 11.57%higher than that of E_(P100) and P_(25),respectively.The yield of E_(P100) is significantly lower than that of CK,while its water use efficiency is significantly higher than that of CK.The P_(25) treatment has irrigation times than CK and E_(100) treatments,and its performances in yield and water use efficiency are not outstanding.There is no significant difference in maize yield and water use efficiency between E_(P80) and E_(P100).Comprehensively considering the yield,water use efficiency,and the applicability of the methods,it is believed that the irrigation decision-making method based on past evapotranspiration with weekly irrigation quota of 80% ET_(0)(E_(P80))is the most suitable irrigation decision-making method for efficient and stable spring maize production in the Hexi Region.