多浪羊Fec^(B)基因分子标记辅助育种的初步研究

Using Molecular Breeding of Fec^(B) Mutation in Xinjiang Duolang Sheep

为了提高多浪羊的养殖经济效益,在新疆麦盖提种羊场和疏附县其木布拉克合作社尝试以Fec^(B)基因突变为选择依据的分子标记辅助育种,将具有Fec^(B)突变的杂合子公羊和母羊进行选配,从而进行多浪羊多胎新品系的培育。结果显示,在麦盖提多浪羊种羊场Fec^(B)突变频率由2005年的3.60%上升到2015年的30.50%,增加了26.90个百分点;产羔率从2005年的107.02%上升到2015年的139.24%,增加了32.22个百分点;产三羔的母羊数从零增加到7只。在疏附县其木布拉克合作社从2012年开始就进行Fec^(B)突变分子育种,到2016年,Fec^(B)突变频率由起初的19.2%上升至34.7%,增加了15.5个百分点;产羔率从起初的121.67%上升至149.40%,增加了27.73个百分点;首次出现1只母羊产4羔的情况,产双羔以上的母羊数量达到45.78%,产三羔的母羊数从2只增加到6只。研究初步证明通过Fec^(B)突变分子标记辅助育种能够培育出产羔多的多浪羊群体。

In order to improve the economic benefits of Duolang sheep,molecular marker assisted breeding based on Fec^(B) mutation had been tried in Maigaiti Breeding Farm and Qimubulake Breeding Farm of Shufu county.The heterozygous rams and ewes with Fec^(B) mutation were selected.The results showed that Fec^(B) mutation frequency increased from 3.60%to 30.50%,lambing rate increased from 107.02%to 139.24%,Fec^(B) mutation gene frequency increased by 26.90 percentage points,lambing rate increased by 32.22 percentage points in Maigaiti Breeding Farm from 2005 to 2015.From 2012,Fec^(B) mutation molecular breeding was carried out in Qimubulake Breeding Farm of Shufu county by 2016,Fec^(B) mutation frequency increased from 19.2%to 34.7%,lambing rate increased from 121.67%to 149.40%.For the first time,one ewe gave birth to 4 lambs,the number of ewes with more than two lambs reached 45.78%,the number of ewes producing three lambs increased from two to six,Fec^(B) mutation gene frequency increased by 15.8 percentage points,and lambing rate increased by 27.73 percentage points.It was preliminarily proved that molecular marker assisted breeding with Fec^(B) mutation could cultivate Duolang sheep population with more lambs.