季节、胎次和产犊难易程度对奶牛受胎率的影响

Effects of Season,Parity and Calving Difficulty on Conception Rate of Dairy Cows

为研究不同季节、胎次和产犊难易程度对荷斯坦奶牛受胎率的影响,选取甘肃省临夏回族自治州某繁育基地共计2223头荷斯坦奶牛为研究对象,分析了不同季节、胎次及产犊难易程度3个因素对荷斯坦奶牛受胎率的影响。结果表明,季节和胎次显著影响奶牛的受胎率(P<0.01或P<0.05),其中夏季荷斯坦奶牛的受胎率极显著低于春、秋、冬3个季节(P<0.01);一胎次荷斯坦奶牛受胎率显著高于二胎次、三胎次、四胎次及以上胎次牛(P<0.05);产犊难易程度对荷斯坦奶牛受胎率的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,建议在实际生产过程中,为提高牛场奶牛受胎率应减少在夏季实施繁育计划并及时淘汰高胎次牛。

To study the effects of different seasons,parity and calving difficulty on conception rate of Holstein dairy cows,2223 Holstein cows were selected from a breeding base in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu province.The effects of different seasons,parity and calving difficulty on the conception rate of Holstein cows were analyzed.The results showed that season and parity significantly affected the conception rate of dairy cows(P<0.01 or P<0.05).The conception rate of Holstein cows in summer was significantly lower than that in spring,autumn and winter(P<0.01).The conception rate of Holstein cows with 1 parity was significantly higher than that of Holstein cows with 2 parity,3 parity,4 parity and above(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the influence of calving difficulty on the conception rate of Holstein cows(P>0.05).Therefore,it is suggested that in the actual production process,in order to improve the conception rate of cow,the implementation of breeding programs in summer should be reduced and high-fertility cattle should be eliminated in time.