基于高通量测序的禁牧对土壤微生物群落结构的影响

Effects of grazing prohibition on soil microbial community structure based on high-throughput sequencing

麋鹿的采食、躺卧和践踏行为均会对栖息地土壤环境造成影响,进而影响土壤微生物群落结构。利用高通量测序技术,分析江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区禁牧点和补饲点土壤细菌和真菌群落结构差异,并结合土壤理化性质探究禁牧对土壤微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明细菌群落的优势菌门为变形菌门,真菌群落的优势菌门为子囊菌门。禁牧改变了土壤微生物群落结构,在门水平上提高了变形菌门、放线菌门和担子菌门的相对丰度,降低了绿弯菌门、厚壁菌门和子囊菌门的相对丰度,禁牧点与补饲点土壤微生物群落多样性的相似性较低。冗余分析中,细菌受土壤环境因子的影响大于真菌,其中土壤pH是影响细菌和真菌群落最大的土壤环境因子。研究揭示了禁牧对土壤微生物群落结构的影响,为保护区制定麋鹿生境恢复方案提供参考。

Foraging,resting and trampling of Milu Deer could affect soil environment of the habitat,which in turn influences soil microbial community.Differences between soil bacterial and fungal community structure in the inactive and active areas of Dafeng Milu Deer National Nature Reserve,Jiangsu Province,China were analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing technology,and soil physicochemical indexes were measured as well as investigated the effects of grazing prohibition on soil microbial community structure.The results showed that the dominant phylum for bacteria was Proteobacteria and for fungi was Ascomycota.The grazing prohibition has changed the structure of soil microbial community,increasing the relative abundance of the Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota and Basidiomycota at the phylum level,and decreasing the relative abundance of the Chloroflexi,Firmicutes and Ascomycota.The similarity in soil microbial community diversity between the inactive areas and active areas were low.In the redundancy analysis,bacteria were more influenced by soil environmental factors than fungi,with soil pH being the most important factor affecting the soil bacterial and fungal communities.This thesis reveals the effects of grazing prohibition on the structure of soil microbial communities,provides a reference for the reserve to develop a habitat restoration plan for Milu deer.