基于德尔菲法的手术室压疮预防护理方案的构建及应用

Construction and application of preventive nursing program for pressure ulcers in operating room based on Delphi method

目的基于德尔菲法构建手术室压疮预防护理方案并将其应用于临床实践。方法采取便利抽样法,选取2019年12月—2020年12月本院手术室接收的800例有潜在压疮风险的患者,使用抽签法将其随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各400例,对照组患者予以手术室常规压疮预防护理,观察组患者予以基于德尔菲法构建的手术室压疮预防护理方案,观察两组患者的压疮发生率、压疮防护结局相关指标和满意度情况,并比较手术室护理人员的压疮风险评估水平及满意度。结果观察组患者的压疮发生率低于对照组,观察组患者的压疮防护结局相关指标均优于对照组,观察组手术室护理人员的压疮风险评估水平高于对照组,观察组护理人员与患者的满意度均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于德尔菲法构建的手术室压疮预防护理方案可以有效降低手术室患者的压疮发生率,提升手术室护理人员的压疮风险评估水平,改善手术患者的压疮防护结局相关指标,提升护理人员与患者的满意度。

Objective Based on Delphi method,the prevention and nursing program of pressure ulcers in operating room was constructed and applied to clinical practice.Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted to select 800 patients with potential pressure ulcers received in the operating room of our hospital from December 2019 to December 2020,and they were randomly divided into observation group and control group by lottery,with 400 cases in each group.Control group in patients with normal pressure ulcers prevention to the operating room nursing,the observation group patients give pressure ulcers prevention based on Delphi method to construct the operating room nursing care intervention,to observe the incidence of pressure ulcers in both groups,protective end pressure ulcers related index and satisfaction,and compare the level of pressure ulcer risk assessment of the operating room nurses and satisfaction.Results The incidence of pressure ulcers in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the related indexes of pressure ulcers protection outcome in the observation group were better than that in the control group,the risk assessment level of pressure ulcers in the operating room of the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the satisfaction level of nursing staff and patients in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevention and nursing program of pressure ulcers in operating room based on Delphi method can effectively reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers in operating room patients,improve the risk assessment level of pressure ulcers in operating room nursing staff,improve the related indicators of pressure ulcers protection outcome in operating room patients,and enhance the satisfaction of nursing staff and patients.