皮芯结构微纳米纤维复合纱线的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of skin-core structure micro/nano fiber composite yarns

为探究纺丝液质量分数对皮芯结构微纳米纤维复合纱线结构与性能的影响,利用双针头水浴静电纺丝法连续制备了以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)长丝为芯、外包聚酰胺6(PA6)的皮芯结构微纳米纤维复合纱线,通过扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪和万能材料试验机对其形貌结构、热性能和力学性能等进行测试与表征。结果表明:不同PA6纺丝液质量分数制备的微纳米纤维复合纱线均具有良好的皮芯结构;当PA6纺丝液质量分数从10%提高到20%时,纳米纤维复合纱线的平均直径从(61.99±13.08) nm增加到(150.22±21.53) nm,结晶度由16.28%提高至20.63%;当PA6纺丝液质量分数为20%时复合纱线的结晶度达到了常规PA6纤维的结晶范围,增加纺丝液质量分数一定程度上可提高复合纱线的力学性能。

In order to investigate the effect of spinning solution mass fraction on the structure and properties of skin-core structure micro/nano fiber composite yarn, a composite yarn with polyethylene terephthalate(PET) as core and polyamide 6(PA6) nanofiber as skin was prepared by the two-needle water bath electrospinning method. The morphology structure, thermal and mechanical properties of PET/PA6 composite yarns were characterized by scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimeter and universal material testing machine. The results revealed the relationships between the different mass fraction of PA6 spinning solution and the skin-core structure. The average diameter of nanofibers increased from(61.99±13.08) nm to(150.22±21.53) nm, and the crystallinity increased from 16.28% to 20.63% when the mass fraction of PA6 spinning solution increased from 10% to 20%. When the mass fraction of PA6 spinning solution was 20%, the crystallinity reached the crystallization range of the conventional PA6 fibers. Increasing the mass fraction of spinning solution was also found to improve the mechanical properties of composite yarn to some extent.