棉织物的螺吡喃微胶囊印花及其光致变色性能

Printing and photochromic properties of spiropyran microcapsules on cotton fabrics

为获得一种可检测紫外光强度的光致变色纺织品,采用溶剂挥发法制备以螺吡喃光致变色材料为芯材,以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壁材的微胶囊,用微胶囊对棉织物进行丝网印花。表征了所制备微胶囊的粒径、形貌、芯材包封率及光致变色性能。采用自制变色梯度板记录微胶囊印花织物变色色差,探究了紫外光辐照条件对棉织物光致变色性能的影响和印花工艺对其耐摩擦色牢度的影响。结果表明:螺吡喃微胶囊的平均粒径为729 nm,分散指数为0.34;印花织物变色色差随微胶囊质量分数、紫外光强度及照射时间的提高而增加,微胶囊质量分数为14%的印花织物经30 W/m^(2)紫外光照射100 s,变色色差可达19.02;印花织物的耐干、湿摩擦色牢度分别可达4~5级和4级,20次紫外-可见光循环照射后光致变色色差损失12.26%。

In order to obtain a photochromic textile for detecting ultraviolet(UV) intensity, microcapsules with spiropyran photochromic material as core material and polymethylmethacrylate as wall material were prepared by solvent volatilization method for printing cotton fabrics. The particle size, surface topography, core encapsulation efficiency and photochromic properties of the prepared microcapsules were characterized. A self-made color gradation chart was used to record the photochromic color difference of the photochromic textile. The effects of UV irradiation conditions on the photochromic properties and printing process on the rubbing color fastness of cotton fabrics were investigated. The results showed that the average particle size of spiropyran microcapsules was 729 nm, and the polydispersity index was 0.34. In a certain range, the photochromic color difference increased with the increase of microcapsule dosage, UV irradiation time and UV intensity. The color difference of printed fabric with 14% microcapsule content can reach 19.02 after UV irradiation at 30 W/m^(2) for 100 s, and the color fastness to dry rubbing of the printed fabric can reach grade 4-5 and the color fastness to wet rubbing can reach grade 4. The photochromic performance lost 12.26% after 20 UV-Vis cycles.