叙事素养提升的两大工具:文本细读与反思性写作

Two basic tools for narrative competence:close reading and reflective writing

叙事医学强调医护患三方叙事素养的全面提升。叙事素养的提升必须以文本细读训练为基础,以反思性写作为检验工具。本文从这两大工具出发,阐述了文本细读对提升医护人员的想象力、阐释力和共情力的积极作用,以及引导患者进行疾病自传写作、开展医护人员反思性写作、鼓励医生患者撰写疾病叙事,对医患视域融合、生命和疾病认知提升的重要价值,阐明了叙事素养提升会带来主体关系、主体角色、主体身份或主体视角的变化,这也是医学人文内化的过程。

Narrative medicine emphasizes enhancement of the narrative competence of the three main groups of people,namely,doctors,nurses and patients(patient families)in the clinical context.Close reading is the signature method and reflective writing is the testing tool of narrative competence.Setting the two aspects as a departure,by stating that close reading can help enhance the imaginability,interpretability and empathetic ability,the article tries to illuminate that to guide the patients to write their autopathographical narrative,the medical professionals to write reflectively about their clinical works and the patients to write their own experiences on illness,can benefit the horizon fusion and life health literacy of all these subjects involved in healthcare,and the internalization of the medical competence can bring transformative changes in terms of subjective relations,roles,identities as well as perspectives.