基于合作学习关键特征的无效互动解决策略

Ineffective Interaction Problem Solving Strategies Based on the Key Characteristics of Effective Coopera⁃tive Learning

合作学习改进了传统的教学目标,能够帮助学生实现知识、感情和技能等方面的全面发展,但在实施过程中,由于对理论认识偏差产生了大量的无效互动,学生并未取得良好的学习效果。文章从实际案例中分析总结出8种典型的无效互动类型及形成原因,根据有效合作学习的关键性特征提出了具体的解决策略,即通过任务类型选择、合作过程优化、学生“自治”、教师干预等手段有效解决合作学习在教学实践中所出现的不良状况,从而为顺利实施合作学习指明了方向。

Cooperative learning improves the traditional teaching objectives to help the students achieve the com⁃prehensive development of knowledge,emotion and skills.Due to the theoretical cognition deviation,a lot of inef⁃fective interactions lead to the bad learning results.This paper summarizes 8 typical types of ineffective interac⁃tion and analyzes their causes from actual cases.According to the key characteristics of effective cooperative learning,it proposes the ineffective interaction problem solving strategies:task type selection,cooperative process optimization,students’“autonomy”,teachers’intervention.These strategies can effectively solve the bad situa⁃tion in the teaching practice of cooperative learning,and indicate the way to the smooth implementation of coop⁃erative learning.