儿童青少年户外活动视屏时间与20 m往返跑成绩的相关性

Association between outdoor activity,screen time and the performance of 20-meter shuttle run test among children and adolescents

目的 分析深圳市宝安区儿童青少年户外活动和视屏时间与20 m往返跑成绩的关联,为中小学生体质健康管理与促进提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法,于2019年4—5月在深圳市宝安区6个街道选取14所学校的在校学生,使用自编问卷调查中小学生人口统计学特征、户外活动和视屏时间等信息;从每个学校每个年级抽取1个班级,共对3 192名一至十二年级中小学生进行体质测试,包括身高、体重测量及20 m往返跑成绩等体能指标。结果 3 192名中小学生20 m往返跑成绩为优良的985人(30.9%),男生优良率(34.7%)高于女生(26.3%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=26.43,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,与户外活动时间<2 h/d组相比,户外活动时间≥2 h/d组中小学生20 m往返跑成绩优良率更高(OR=1.38,95%CI=1.12~1.70);与视屏时间≥2 h/d组相比,视屏时间<2 h/d组中小学生20 m往返跑成绩优良率更高(OR=1.42,95%CI=1.17~1.71);与户外活动时间<2 h/d且视屏时间≥2 h/d的中小学生相比,户外活动时间≥2 h/d且视屏时间<2 h/d中小学生20 m往返跑成绩优良率更高(OR=1.97,95%CI=1.46~2.67)。结论 增加户外活动、减少视屏时间有助于儿童青少年心肺适能的提升。促进体质健康应切实保证中小学生每天2 h户外活动时间,严格控制视屏类电子产品使用时间。

Objective To analyze the relationship between outdoor activity,screen time and 20-meter shuttle run test(20 m SRT) score among children and adolescents in Baoan District,Shenzhen,so as to provide scientific basis for the management and promotion of physical health of children and adolescents.Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used to select students from 14 schools in 6 communities in Baoan District of Shenzhen,from April to May 2019.A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate demographic characteristics,outdoor activity duration and screen time of primary and middle school students.A total of 3 192 primary and secondary school students in grade 1-12 were selected from each school.Weight,height and 20 m SRT were measured.Results About 985(30.9%) out of 3 192 primary and middle school students were estimated excellent on 20 m SRT test,with boys being higher than that of girls(34.7% vs 26.3%)(χ^(2)=26.43,P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the group with outdoor activity <2 h/d,the excellent and good performers on 20 m SRT with outdoor activity time ≥2 h/d was higher(OR=1.38,95%CI=1.12-1.70).Compared with students with screen time ≥2 h/d,the excellent and good performers on 20 m SRT with screen time <2 h/d was higher(OR=1.42,95%CI=1.17-1.71).Compared with students with outdoor activity time <2 h/d and screen time ≥ 2 h/d,students with outdoor activity time ≥2 h/d and video time < 2 h/d had a higher proportion of excellent score on 20 m SRT(OR=1.97,95%CI=1.46-2.67).Conclusion Increasing outdoor activity and reducing screen time are helpful to improve the performance score of 20 m SRT among primary and secondary school students.