家长参与对儿童用眼行为的影响

Effects of parental involvement on children’s eye-use behavior

目的 分析家长参与和儿童良好用眼行为形成的相关性,为更精准的近视防控提供理论依据。方法 通过整群抽样的方法,于2021年4—5月,选择温州市鹿城区3所学校2 726名小学生及其家长。通过眼部测量和问卷调查收集儿童眼部参数、儿童用眼行为、家长特征和家长参与情况。结果 家庭经济水平、家长学历程度、家长是否近视与家长参与行为有关(P值均<0.05)。儿童近视风险较低与家长总是/经常参与睡眠和户外活动行为管理有关(P值均<0.01)。家长总是/经常参与儿童用眼行为管理对儿童平均每天视屏时间<2 h(OR=1.95,95%CI=1.31~2.90)、每天户外活动时间>2 h(OR=0.78,95%CI=0.65~0.93)、每天睡眠时间>8 h(OR=0.52,95%CI=0.40~0.68)、每天持续读写时间<1 h(OR=1.33,95%CI=1.30~1.56)、读写时距离桌面距离>30 cm(OR=0.57,95%CI=0.34~0.95)影响均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论 家长参与性高可帮助儿童养成良好的用眼习惯并降低近视患病率。自身患有近视的家长参与度更高,且家长参与度与家庭总收入和家长文化程度呈正相关。

Objective To analyze the correlation between parental involvement and the formation of good eye-use behavior in children,and to provide theoretical basis for more accurate prevention and control of myopia.Methods A total of 2726 children and their parents from 3 primary schools were selected from Aprl to May 2021 by clustering sampling method.Children's ocular parameters,eye-use behavior,general characteristics of parents,and parental involvement were cllected through ocular measurements and questionnaires,respectively.ResultsParental involvement was associated with family economic,parental education level,and parental myopic status(P<0.05).Children's myopia risk was associated with parental involvement:lower myopia risk was associated with frequent parental involvement in behavioral management of child sleep and child outdoor activities(P<0.01).Parents who always/frequently participate in the management of children's eye behavior have an average daily screen time of<2 h(OR=1.95,95%CI=1.31-2.90),and daily outdoor activity time>2 h(OR=0.78,95%CI=0.65-0.93),daily sleep time>8 h(OR=0.52,95%CI=0.40-0.68),daily continuous reading and writing time<1 h(OR=1.33,95%CI=1.30-1.56),reading and writing The distance from the desktop>30 cm(OR=0.57,95%CI=0.34-0.95)had a statistically significant effect(P<0.05).Conclusion High parental involvement may help school-age children develop good eye habits and reduce the risk of childhood myopia.Parental involvement is higher among those who had myopia themselves,and parental involvement is positively associated with total household income and parental literacy.