特征关联异形构件机器人原位一体化加工技术

In-situ Integrated Robot Machining Technology for Special-shaped Components with Correlation Feature

特征关联异形构件往往是航空航天、船舶、能源等重大工程领域高端装备的关键件。由于此类构件具有结构异形、待加工特征间具有强关联性等特征,常规数字化加工装置难以满足其一体化制造要求,特别是待加工关联特征间精度往往难以保证。为提升该类构件的制造水平,提出一种集激光刻蚀加工、加工质量原位检测为一体的机器人原位一体化加工系统。系统主要由机器人激光刻蚀单元、视觉测量单元及监测控制软件组成,采用机器视觉实现机器人系统空间定位与激光加工起始点的精准对刀;通过激光刻蚀技术结合机器人轨迹规划,实现特征关联异形构件特征加工;进而通过双目体式显微镜对工件加工质量进行原位高精检测,最终实现特征关联异形构件原位一体化加工。研究成果为实现特征关联异形构件的高质高效加工提供了一种新的技术与装备。

The special-shaped components with correlation feature are usually the key parts of high-end equipment in the fields of aerospace,ship,energy,etc.Due to the irregular structure and strong association among the features to be processed,conventional digital processing equipment cannot meet the requirements of integrated manufacturing.In particular,the accuracy of the correlation features to be processed is hard to guarantee.In order to improve the manufacturing level of such parts,an in-situ integrated robot machining system is proposed,which integrates laser processing and in-situ inspection of machining quality.The system is mainly composed of robot laser etching unit,vision measurement unit and monitoring software.The machine vision is used to realize the spatial positioning of the robot system and the precise tool alignment for the starting point for laser machining.By using laser etching technology and robot trajectory planning,the correlation feature processing of special-shaped components is finished.And then,the machining quality of the workpiece is tested in situ by the binocular microscope.Finally,the in-situ integrated processing of the special-shaped components with correlation feature is realized.The research achievement provides a new technology and equipment for machining the special-shaped components with correlation feature with high efficiency and quality.