车用免喷涂金属质感ASA材料的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Spray-free Metallic Textured ASA Materials for Vehicles

通过双螺杆挤出造粒,采用注射成型工艺制备车用免喷涂金属质感丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯塑料(ASA)材料,研究了铝粉含量及其粒径、ASA高胶粉含量对车用免喷涂金属质感ASA材料试样外观、力学性能、加工性能、耐刮擦性及表面铅笔硬度的影响。结果表明,铝粉含量的增加可提升试样外观的金属质感,使之更加细腻,铝粉粒径的增加可提高试样的闪烁质感。当ASA高胶粉含量为10份、粒径10μm铝粉的含量为2份时,制备试样具有较好的金属质感,此时弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量、熔体流动速率(MFR)均达到最大值,分别为88.2 MPa,3003.3 MPa,13.5 g/(10 min),弯曲性能和加工性能最好;光泽度变化率达到最小值,为55%,耐刮擦性最好;表面铅笔硬度最高,为HB级,而简支梁缺口冲击强度最小,为2.6 kJ/m^(2)。而当ASA高胶粉含量为20份、粒径40μm铝粉含量为2份时,制备试样具有最好的闪烁质感,力学性能、加工性能及表面铅笔硬度都较高,弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量和简支梁缺口冲击强度分别为68.2 MPa,2310.0 MPa和12.5 kJ/m^(2),MFR为7.9 g/(10 min),光泽度变化率为86%,表面铅笔硬度为B级,此时试样的综合性能最佳。

The spray-free metallic acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate plastic(ASA)materials for vehicles were prepared by twinscrew extrusion granulation and injection molding process.The effects of the content of aluminum powder and its particle size,the content of ASA high rubber powder on the appearance,mechanical properties,processability,scratch resistance and surface pencil hardness of ASA material were studied.The results indicate that the increase of aluminum powder content can improve the metallic texture of the sample appearance and make it more delicate,and the increase of aluminum powder particle size can improve the scintillating texture of the sample.When the content of ASA high rubber powder is 10 phr,the content of aluminum powder with particle size of 10μm is 2 phr,the prepared sample has good metallic texture,the bending strength,bending elastic modulus and melt flow rate(MFR)reach the maximum values,which are 88.2 MPa and 3003.3 MPa and 13.5 g/(10 min)respectively,and the bending properties and processability are the best.The change rate of gloss reachs the minimum value of 55%,and the scratch resistance is the best.The surface pencil hardness is the highest,which is HB grade,and the Charpy notched impact strength is the smallest,which is 2.6 kJ/m^(2).However,when the content of ASA high rubber powder is 20 phr,and the particle size of 40μm aluminum powder is 2 phr,the prepared sample has the best scintillating texture,the mechanical properties,processability and surface pencil hardness are higher,the bending strength,bending elastic modulus and Charpy notched impact strength are 68.2 MPa,2310.0 MPa and 12.5 kJ/m^(2) respectively,the MFR is 7.9 g/(10 min),the gloss change rate is 86%,and the surface pencil hardness is B grade,at this time,the comprehensive performance of the sample is the best.