HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量与社会支持现状及相关分析

Analysis on status and correlation between quality of life and social support in HIV infected person/AIDS patients

目的了解人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者/艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndro,AIDS)患者生存质量与社会支持现状,并分析两者的相关性。方法采用便利抽样的方法,选取2020年9月—2021年1月成都市某传染病医院住院的209名HIV感染者/AIDS患者,应用一般资料问卷、世界卫生组织艾滋病生存质量简表(the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire for HIV brief version,WHOQOL-HIV BREF)中文版和社会支持量表(social support scale,SSRS)开展调查,并对数据进行分析。结果209名HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量总分范围为40~117分,平均为(87.63±15.00)分;各维度得分:生理领域得分范围为4~20分,平均为(14.70±3.14)分;心理领域得分范围为4~20分,平均为(14.13±2.85)分;独立领域得分范围为6~20分,平均为(15.25±3.00)分;社会关系领域得分范围为4~20分,平均为(13.14±4.19)分;环境领域得分范围为9~20分,平均为(15.65±2.13)分;个人信仰领域得分范围为5~20分,平均为(14.76±4.13)分。HIV感染者/AIDS患者社会支持总分范围为16~54分,平均为(32.45±8.68)分;主观支持得分范围为9~29分,平均为(17.58±4.63)分;客观支持得分范围为3~14分,平均为(8.15±3.01)分;对社会支持利用度得分范围为3~12分,平均为(6.73±2.37)分。生存质量总分与社会支持呈正相关(r=0.537,P<0.01);在各维度上,生存质量除环境领域维度外,其余5个维度(生理、心理、独立、社会关系、个人信仰领域维度)与社会支持均呈正相关(均P<0.01)。社会支持总分、年龄、月收入、CD4+T淋巴细胞计数、感染方式是HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量的主要影响因素(均P<0.01),且社会支持总分对生存质量的预测力最佳。结论成都市某传染病医院住院的209名HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量与社会支持呈正相关,社会支持水平越高,生存质量越好。建议医护工作者对老年、低学历、低收入、低CD4+T淋巴细胞计数、吸毒或同性传播感染的HIV感染者/AIDS患者加强关怀和支持,从主观认知方面,鼓励患者获取支持,以提高他们的生存质量。

Objective To explore the status of quality of life and social support in people infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS),analyze the correlation between them.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 209 HIV infected person/AIDS patients hospitalized in an infectious disease hospital in Chengdu City of Sichuan Province from September 2020 to January 2021.The investigation was performed by the general data questionnaire,the Chinese version of World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire for HIV brief version(WHOQOL-HIV BREF)and social support scale(SSRS),and the data were analyzed.Results The total score of quality of life in209 HIV infected person/AIDS patients was 40-117(87.63±15.00)points.The scores of each dimension were 4-20(14.70±3.14)points in physiological field,4-20(14.13±2.85)points in psychological field,6-20(15.25±3.00)points in independent field,4-20(13.14±4.19)points in social relationship field,9-20(15.65±2.13)points in environmental field,and 5-20(14.76±4.13)points in personal belief field.The total score of social support in HIV infected person/AIDS patients was 16-54(32.45±8.68)points.The score of subjective support,objective support and utilization of social support was 9-29(17.58±4.63),3-14(8.15±3.01)and 3-12(6.73±2.37)points,respectively.The total score of quality of life was positively correlated with social support(r=0.537,P<0.01).In all dimensions,except the dimension of environment,the other five dimensions of quality of life(physiology,psychology,independence,social relationship and personal belief)were positively correlated with social support(all P<0.01).The total score of social support,age,monthly income,CD4T lymphocyte count and mode of infection were the main influencing factors of quality of life of HIV infected person/AIDS patients(all P<0.01),and total score of social support was the best predictor of quality of life.Conclusion The quality of life of 209 HIV infected person/AIDS patients hospitalized in an infectious disease hospital in Chengdu City of Sichuan Province is positively correlated with social support.It is suggested that medical workers should strengthen care and support for HIV infected person/AIDS patients with old age,low education,low income,low CD4T lymphocyte count,drug abuse or homosexual transmission infection,and encourage patients to obtain support from the perspective of subjective cognition,so as to improve their quality of life.