Innexin在生物体中的研究进展

Research progress of Innexin in organism

缝隙连接蛋白或称内联蛋白(innexin,Inx;connexin,Cx和pannexin,Px)存在于无脊椎或脊椎动物体内并构成细胞之间的缝隙连接(gap junction,GJ),或在细胞膜上形成半通道,其生物学功能主要表现在细胞间信号(电和化学)交流、物质运输及离子交换等方面。近年来研究发现缝隙连接蛋白Inx在物种进化中有着密切的关系,同一个体存在多种异构体,而在不同的物种有相同基序,编码Inx的基因(Inx或inx)的表达对生物个体周期中(特别是生命早期)有着非常重要的作用,主要是在卵子形成、胚胎发育及中枢神经发育中表达程度较高。然而Inx在无脊椎动物(主要是节肢动物和蠕虫)中的种类与作用缺乏系统的阐述,我们主要综述Inx基因及其表达的蛋白在节肢动物和蠕虫体内的种类、生物学结构及功能,Inx蛋白有望成为寄生虫病防治的干预靶点,为寄生虫病的防治提供新思路。

Gap connexins(innexin,Inx;connexin,Cx and pannexin,Px)exists in invertebrates or vertebrates and forms gap junction(GJ)between cells,or forms a semi-channel(hemichannel)on the cell membrane,which is mainly manifested in biological functions such as intercellular signal(electrical and chemical)communication,material transport and ion exchange.In recent years,research has found that protein Inx are closely related to the evolution of species.There are many isomers in the same body,and there are the same motifs in different species.The expression of Inx gene(Inx or inx)plays a very important role in the individual cycle of organisms(especially in the early life),mainly in the formation of eggs,embryonic development and development of central nervous system.However,the species and role of Inx in invertebrates(arthropods and worms)is lack of systematic elaboration.We mainly discuss the species,biological structure and function of Inx genes and its proteins in arthropods and worms.Inx protein is expected to become the intervention target of parasitic disease control and provide new ideas for the prevention and control of parasitic diseases.