基于生物医学领域撤回论文探讨科研数据不端行为的防范与治理

Exploration of the prevention and management of scientific research data misconduct based on retracted papers in the biomedical field

目的通过分析生物医学领域因"Original Data not provided"撤回论文,探讨防范科研数据不端行为的必要性及其治理的可行性措施。方法基于撤稿观察数据库(Retraction Watch Database)获取生物医学领域2011年1月一2021年12月发表,因“OriginalDatanotprovided”撤回的国际论文信息;通过Excel、Python3.7和Gephi0.9.2等软件对数据的时间分布、机构、来源期刊、撤回原因及学科分布情况等进行统计分析和可视化处理。结果因“Original Data not provided”撤回论文共529篇,发表时间主要集中在2019年(占27.41%),撤回时间主要集中在2021年(占41.97%)。撤回原因主要以数据、图片问题等由科研数据不端行为所导致,以及与论文被发现和调查过程相关,且以上各种原因之间的共现关系较强。细胞生物学、生物学一癌症、遗传学和肿瘤医学这4个学科之间的关联度较高。结论将科研数据管理纳入科研行为规范,加强科研原始记录行为规范的培训,建立科研数据审核机制,推进生物医学领域科研数据学术不端行为的防范与治理。

Objective By analyzing the biomedical papers retracted due to the reason that"original data not provided",to discuss the necessity of preventing scientific data misconduct and the feasible solutions for its management.Methods.Data of the international papers that were published from Jan 2011 to Dec 2021 and retracted due to"original data not provided"were retrieved from Retraction Watch Database.The data of time distribution,institution,journal sources,reasons for retraction,and disciplinary distribution were statistically analyzed and visually processed by using software packages of Excel,Python 3.7,Gephi o.92.Results A total number of 529 papers published in the biomedical field were retracted due to"original data not provided",and the time of publication and retraction occurred mainly in 2019(27.41%)and 2021(41.97%).In addition to the reason"original data not provided"used as search term,the reasons for withdrawal were mainly data and image problems caused by scientific data misconduct,and reasons related to the discovery and investigation process of the paper,and these reasons had a strong co-linear relationship.Besides,the 4 disciplinary of biology-cellular,biology-cancer,genetics,medicine-oncology also had a strong co-linear relationship.Conclusions It is necessary to incorporating scientific research data management into the scientific research code of conduct,strengthen the training on the code of conduct for original scientific research records keeping,establish the scientific research data review mechanism,and promote the prevention and governance of scientific research data misconduct in the biomedical field.