马克思“机器论片段”视域下人工智能技术的地方性治理

Local Governance of Artificial Intelligence Technology from the Perspective of Marx’s “Fragment on Machines”

马克思“机器论片段”对机器在劳动实践中的地位作了充分说明,为今天理解人工智能等高新技术的发展和社会应用提供了有益的理论支撑。人工智能技术推动了社会生产力的发展,产生了新型的社会生产关系,在其劳动实践中通过社会建构形成了微观权力网络。时下热议的人工智能标准、伦理与风险等重要社会问题,乃至人工智能技术本身的发展问题,都与劳动实践中技术的社会建构密切相关。其中可能出现的技术不平衡发展或异化问题,要以马克思主义科技观为指导,以技术应用的地方性特征为基础,通过制度建设与劳动实践的协调发展来加以解决。

The understanding of Marx’s “Fragment on Machines” fully illustrates the position of machines in labor practice,which provides a useful theoretical support for understanding the development and social application of artificial intelligence and other high-technology.Artificial intelligence promotes the development of social productive forces,produces a new type of social production relations,and forms a micro-power network through social construction in its labor practice.Some currently widely discussed issues,including AI standards,AI ethics,Ai risks,and even the development of AI technology itself,are closely related to the social construction of technology in labor practice.For the possible problems of unbalanced development and technology alienation,they should be solved under the guidance of Marxist view of science and technology,based on the local characteristics of technology application,and through the coordinated development of system construction and labor practice.