蓝莓酒离子交换树脂降酸工艺研究

Study of ion exchange resin deacidification process for blueberry wine

为解决工业生产中蓝莓酒酸度过高导致的适口性较差难题,试验采用8种离子交换树脂(D301、D314、D311、J-18、201x7、ZGA451、D202FD、XAD-7HP)对蓝莓酒进行降酸处理,以树脂降酸性能及花色苷保留率为判定指标,筛选出性能最优树脂,利用响应面法进一步优化其静态吸附参数。结果表明,D311离子交换树脂为蓝莓酒最适降酸树脂,经12 h充分吸附后可将总酸含量从11.00 g·L^(-1)降至3.15 g·L^(-1),花色苷保存率最高,为63.73%。吸附动力学试验表明,6 h后D311树脂对总酸吸附达到平衡,最大表观吸附量为196.60 mg·g^(-1),伪二阶动力学模型对吸附过程进行最佳描述,该过程主要以化学吸附为主。最佳静态吸附降酸工艺参数为:树脂添加量2%,吸附温度25℃,吸附时间19.00 min,此条件下蓝莓酒总酸含量为7.14 g·L^(-1),降酸率为35.50%,花色苷含量为124.04 mg·L^(-1),保留率为89.79%,感官评分为89.18,降酸后蓝莓酒酸度适中,口感柔和、协调。综上,D311树脂在蓝莓酒工业化降酸应用中潜力巨大。

In order to solve the problem of poor palatability caused by the high acidity of blueberry wine in industrial production,in this study,eight kinds of ion exchange resins(D301,D314,D311,J-18,201x7,ZGA451,D202FD,XAD 7HP)were used to deacidify blueberry wine,and the best resin was selected based on the degradation performance and the retention rate of anthocyanins,the static adsorption parameters of the resin were further optimized by response surface methodology.The results showed that D311 ion exchange resin was the most suitable resin for the deacidification of blueberry wine,which was able to reduce the total acid content from 11.00 g·L^(-1) to 3.15 g·L^(-1) after 12 h of adsorption,and the retention rate of anthocyanins was the highest at 63.73%.The adsorption kinetic test showed that the adsorption of total acid by D311 resin reached equilibrium after 6 h,and the maximum apparent adsorption amount was 196.60 mg·g^(-1).The adsorption process was the best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model,which was mainly based on chemisorption.The optimum static adsorption and deacidification process parameters were:resin addition of 2%,adsorption temperature of 25℃,adsorption time of 19.00 min,the total acid content of blueberry wine under these conditions was 7.14 g·L^(-1),the deacidification rate was 35.50%,the anthocyanins content was 124.04 mg·L^(-1),the retention rate was 89.79%,and the sensory score was 89.18.The deacidified blueberry wine had moderate acidity and a soft,harmonious taste.This study showed that D311 resin should have great potential in the industrial application of deacidification in blueberry wine.