澳门城市公交站“视觉引导系统”设计研究

Design of Urban Bus Stops Visual Wayfinding System in Macao

目的以澳门城市公交站点视觉引导系统(分流引导系统、整体视觉、站牌标识、公交路线图、辅助地图)为研究内容,分析存在的问题及设计改进方向。方法以“符号学”“认知心理学”“寻路行为”“客户旅程”为理论支撑,采用焦点小组、深度访谈和问卷调研,以定性、定量结合的方法分析城市公交视觉引导系统的设计优化;选取澳门代表性公交枢纽亚马喇前地车站分流图、连贯公路圆地形公交布局图、代表性公交环线,以及对开线行车路线图、景点导向辅助图进行设计优化。结果公交“视觉引导系统”是服务于人有效行动的综合空间信息系统,侧重由图像与符号所形成的具有连贯意味的“秩序设计”和信息“编码与解码设计”,强调整体性、层次性、渐进性、连贯性。意义在遵循五大设计原则的前提下,有效、合理的设计分流引导标识、线路、站点地图等,将建立乘客良好的视觉引导感知,提高出行效率。

This paper takes the Visual Wayfinding System of bus stops(diversion guidance system,signage design,bus route map and auxiliary map)in Macao as the research content to analyze inadequacy and improve the design.Taking"semiotics","cognitive psychology","wayfinding behavior"and"customer journey"as the theoretical support,as well through the mode of focus groups,in-depth interviews and questionnaire survey,which are qualitative and quantitative methods,this paper focuses on the research of the design about the bus stop wayfinding system.This paper takes the di-version guidance map of the station Praça de Ferreira do Amaral,the bus stop layout of Da Passagem Superior Pedonal Na Rotunda do Istmo,the representative route map of buses,and the auxiliary map as example to optimize the design.The bus stop"Visual Wayfinding System"is a comprehensive spatial information system serving people taking bus.It focuses on the"order design"and"information coding&decoding design"formed by images and symbols,and emphasizes integ-rity,hierarchy,gradualness and coherence.Based on the five design principles,effective and reasonable design of diver-sion guidance signs,bus route and bus stop maps will establish a good visual guidance perception for passengers and im-prove travel efficiency.