白诗笼禽意象的喻指类型及其诗意的多元变调

Study on the Metaphorical Type and Poetic Transition ofBAI Juyi’s Caged Bird Poems

白居易诗集中有86首笼禽诗歌。笼禽意象是白居易仕宦历程、命运纠结、哲学抉择的有意味的符号。白居易笼禽意象的喻指类型十分丰富,包括家养的婢女、诚实的品格、凄婉的音乐、独居的身影、拘羁的官场、遭贬的生活。由于诗人所处政治环境、生存状态的迁变,价值追求与外部环境匹配度的变化,处事态度、人生哲学的变异,官居京城、贬谪江州、量移忠州、外放苏杭、分司东都等重要时段,笼禽意蕴呈现出变调迁转的多元性,且生动勾画出白居易人生观、价值观、哲学观的变异轨迹。

There are 86 caged-bird poems in BAI Juyi’s poetry collection.The image of caged birds is a significant symbol of Bai’s official career,tangled fate and his philosophical choices.His metaphor image of a caged bird is quite varied,including maidservant,honest character,mournful music,separated couples,detained officialdom,and degraded life.Due to the changes in the political environment and living conditions,changes in the matching degree between value pursuits and external environments,changes in attitudes and life philosophy,the poet’s experience of serving as an official in the capital,relegating to Jiangzhou,moving to Zhongzhou,exiling to Suzhou and Hangzhou,governing Luoyang,the connotation of caged birds showed the diversity of changes and transitions,and vividly outlined the changing tracks of BAI Juyi’s outlook on life,values,and philosophy.