浦东新区居民血脂异常患病和知晓情况分析

Prevalence and awareness of dyslipidemia in Pudong New Area residents

【目的】了解上海市浦东新区居民血脂异常患病和知晓情况。【方法】利用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,在2016年抽取上海市浦东新区15岁及以上人群7194人,对抽取的人群进行流行病学调查及相关指标的实验室检查。【结果】血脂异常粗患病率为59.55%,标化率为51.77%,男性高于女性(P<0.001),城市高于农村(P<0.001),一直吸烟者和戒烟者高于从不吸烟者(P<0.001),超重和肥胖人群高于BMI正常和偏瘦人群(P<0.001)。男性TC、LDLC平均水平自25岁起明显升高。HDLC水平降低的比例(38.44%)最高,TC边缘升高的比例(34.86%)最大。血脂异常知晓率为22.54%,女性(24.97%)高于男性(19.15%),城市(26.25%)高于农村(17.49%),高中文化程度(26.53%)高于文盲(19.56%)和小学(17.04%),运动达标者(23.92%)高于不达标者(19.31%),从不吸烟人群(23.92%)高于一直吸烟人群(17.22%)。多因素分析表明,年龄、城市、超重和肥胖、慢性病家族史等因素与血脂异常患病率和知晓率较高有关。【结论】浦东新区居民血脂异常形势严峻,且以低HDLC为主,血脂水平边缘升高的比例较大;其中男性患病率高且呈年轻化趋势,知晓率较低,应积极进行干预控制。

[Objective]To ascertain the prevalence and awareness of dyslipidemia among residents in Pudong New Area,Shanghai.[Methods]In 2016,7 194 persons aged 15 years and over in Pudong New Area of Shanghai were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling for epidemiological survey and laboratory examination of related indicators.[Results]The crude prevalence rate of dyslipidemia was 59.55% and the standardized rate was 51.77%,higher in men than in women(P<0.001),higher in urban areas than in rural areas(P<0.001),higher in smokers and ex-smokers than in never-smokers(P<0.001),and higher in overweight and obese people than in normal and lean people(P<0.001). The average level of TC and LDLC in men increased significantly from the age of 25. The proportion of HDLC decreased(38.44%)was the highest,while the proportion of TC marginal increase(34.86%)was the largest. The awareness rate of dyslipidemia was 22.54%,higher in women(24.97%)than in men(19.15%),higher in urban areas(26.25%) than in rural areas(17.49%),higher in persons with high school education(26.53%)than those with illiteracy(19.56%)and primary school education(17.04%),higher in persons who exercised to the standard(23.92%)than those who did not(19.31%),and higher in never-smokers(23.92%)than in smokers(17.22%).Multivariate analysis showed that age,city,overweight and obesity,family history of chronic diseases were correlated with higher prevalence and awareness rate of dyslipidemia.[Conclusion]The dyslipidemia of residents in Pudong New Area proves to be serious,and mainly is low HDLC,with a large proportion of marginal increase of lipid level. Among them,the prevalence rate of males is higher and patients show a tendancy to be young;the awareness rate is low,which should be actively intervened and improved.