从旧城衰退到文化驱动的城市更新——以斯皮塔菲尔兹为中心的考察

Urban Memory from Old City Decline to Culture-led Regeneration——A Case Study of Spitalfields

19世纪末的伦敦东区一直是贫困、拥挤、脏乱和犯罪的代名词,斯皮塔菲尔兹便是伦敦东区的典型代表。这里融合了各类种族,从法国胡格诺派到犹太人,从爱尔兰人到孟加拉人。也正是这样多元文化民族的聚居,为该城进行文化驱动的城市更新提供了机遇。斯皮塔菲尔兹依靠文化驱动来实施更新战略,通过重新打造旧城形象、发展旅游业、推广多元文化特色等方式,摆脱旧有的负面形象,推动地区的经济发展,成为创意文化之地。

Spitalfields is a typical example of the East End of London, which was synonymous with poverty,congestion, mess and crime at the end of the 19th century. The city’s multicultural base, with its mix of ethnicities, from Huguenots to Jews, Irish to Bengalis, provided the city with the opportunity for culture-led regeneration. Spitalfields implemented its regeneration strategy through a culture-driven approach, by re-branding the old city, developing tourism, and promoting its multicultural character. All of these measures have changed the city. Now Spitalfields becomes a place of creative culture with a positive image and rapid economic growth.