解淀粉芽孢杆菌中脂肽的生物合成、抑菌机理及应用的研究进展

Research Progress in the Biosynthesis, Antimicrobial Mechanism, and Application of Lipopeptides in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

解淀粉芽孢杆菌常作为有益菌广泛应用于食品的生物防治,其中主要的抗菌物质为脂肽类。这些抗菌脂肽具有抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗病毒等生物活性,同时具有安全、广谱、高效、无毒、在体内易分解等优点。因此,解淀粉芽孢杆菌及其脂肽类代谢产物可广泛应用于农作物的生物防治、瓜果蔬菜的保鲜防腐以及采后的微生物防治等,具有巨大的开发应用前景。本文主要从解淀粉芽孢杆菌中脂肽类物质的类型、生物合成、抑菌机制及其应用前景等方面进行论述。

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens(B. amyloliquefaciens) is widely used as beneficial bacteria for biological control, and the main antimicrobial substances are lipopeptides. These lipopeptides have antimicrobial, anti-tumor, antiviral activities and other biological activities, and they are safe, broad-spectrum, efficient, non-toxic, and easily decomposed in the body.Therefore, B. amyloliquefaciens and its lipopeptide metabolites can be widely used in the biological control of crops,freshness and preservation of fruits and vegetables, as well as post-harvest microbial control, which have great prospects for development and application. This paper focuses on the types and biosynthesis of lipopeptides in B. amyloliquefaciens, the mechanism of microbial inhibition and their application prospects.