家庭内代际支持与老年人抑郁的关系

Relationship between intra-family intergenerational support and depression in the elderly

目的:探究家庭内代际支持与老年人抑郁的关系。方法:使用中国家庭追踪调查2018年数据,选取4957个家庭中年龄≥60岁、有婚姻经历且有子女在世的7233名老年人。采用流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D)衡量抑郁症状,通过工具、经济、情感三方面测量双向代际支持,以个体为水平1,家庭为水平2,构建多水平模型。结果:子代工具支持(β=0.52、0.94、1.43)与亲代经济支持(β=0.41)会加重老年人的抑郁症状,但随着家庭外出打工人数增加,子代工具支持(β=-0.03)与老年人抑郁症状负向关联。在情感支持方面,与子女频繁见面(β=-1.36~-0.76)可以降低老年人的抑郁症状。结论:本研究显示家庭内不同类型、不同方向的代际支持对老年人抑郁症状有不同影响。

Objective:To explore the relationship between family intergenerational support and depression in the elderly.Methods:Using the 2018 data of the China Family Panel Studies,7233 older adults aged 60 years or over who had married and had children were selected from 4957 families.Depressive symptoms were measured with a simplified version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression,and the two-way intergenerational support was measured by means of tools,economy and emotion.A multi-level model was constructed with individuals as level 1 and families as level 2.Results:Parental instrumental support(β=0.52,0.94,1.43)and parental financial support(β=0.41)increased depressive symptoms in older adults,but with the increase of family migrant workers,offspring tool support(β=-0.03)becomes a beneficial factor to reduce depression symptoms in the elderly.In terms of emotional support,frequent contact with children(β=-1.36--0.76)could reduce depressive symptoms in older adults.Conclusion:It suggests that different types and directions of intergenerational support in the family have different effects on depression symptoms in the elderly.