订单农业核心价值与创新动能的双重检视

A Theoretical Study on the Innovation Capabilities and Core Value Review of Contract Farming

订单农业作为小农户与现代农业有效衔接的重要经营模式,对其核心价值与创新动能进行深入探析意义重大。通过静态混合博弈均衡及多案例比较分析方法,凝练出三个重要结论:(1)订单农业依然具有旺盛的生命力,订单农业的创新首先表现在缔约双方是农业龙头企业与规模化的农民合作社/家庭农场,小农户则通过与合作社、家庭农场实现融合发展来参与订单生产;(2)订单农业的创新还表现在将简单的商品交易契约内化为生产流程中系统的生产阶段性服务契约,订单提供者以社会化服务供应为代价,促使订单承接方让渡/共享生产的管理权限;(3)提供农业生产全流程社会化服务有助于订单履约环境的优化。最后提出针对性政策建议来保障订单农业的稳健发展。

As an important form of organization that effectively connects small-scale farmers with modern agriculture, theoretical research and innovative practice on contract farming should be paid attention.The perspectives of the theoretical literature and the evidence of a mixed static analysis of game equilibrium and a multi-case comparative analysis approach, the hypotheses proposed in the study are proved.The article draws three important conclusions:(1) The contracting parties of innovative contract farming should be agribusinesses and large-scale farmer cooperatives/family farms.If small-scale farmers and rural cooperatives, family farms want to take part in moderate-scale agricultural production, they should achieve integrated development.It will become the main way for farmers to participate in contract farming.(2) Innovative contract farming internalizes the simple commodity transaction contract into a service contract for each production stage in the production process, and the contract provider induces the contract taker to share the management authority of production in exchange for socialized service supply.(3) Providing the whole process of socialized services for agricultural production helps optimize the order fulfillment environment.Finally, we propose targeted policy recommendations.