赣南青塘盆地岩溶水特征及开发利用区划

Characteristics and exploitation divisions of karst water in Qingtang Basin, Southern Jiangxi

通过地面调查、地球物理勘探、水文地质钻探及采样测试等手段,研究赣南青塘盆地岩溶水特征。研究表明,盆地内岩溶水主要赋存于岩溶地下河及岩溶管道-裂隙含水层中,水资源较为丰富,局部以地下河及岩溶上升泉形式溢出地表,地下水开发以地下河及岩溶上升泉为主。综合分析认为:青塘岩溶盆地内岩溶分布在侵蚀基准面以上,沿层面发育并受断裂及构造裂隙控制;水化学类型以HCO-Ca型、HCO·SO-Ca型为主,分别占总水样的58.33%、20.83%;地下水水质以较好(Ⅲ类)为主,占盆地内总水样的50.00%;青塘岩溶盆地外来地表水汇入流量为117 094.5 m^(3)/d,汇出流量为416 007.8 m^(3)/d,内部基础径流量为298 913.3 m^(3)/d。在综合分析盆地内岩溶地下水和地表水富集程度、地下水开发条件和环境承载力等因素基础上,结合地貌和流域特点、盆地内岩溶塌陷易发性分区,对区内岩溶地下水资源开发利用进行了区划,为该区合理利用岩溶水资源提供依据。

This paper studied the characteristics of karst water in Qingtang Basin, southern Jiangxi Province by ground survey, geophysical prospecting, hydrogeological drilling, sampling test, etc. The results showed that the groundwater in the basin is mainly hosted in karst subterranean rivers and karst pipeline-fractured aquifer. The water resources are relatively abundant and overflow surface in form of subterranean rivers and karst-ascending spring at local areas, which are the focus of groundwater exploitation in the area. By comprehensive analysis, this paper considered that the Karst developed along layer surface above erosion base level in the Qingtang Karst Basin and are controlled by fracture and structural fissure;the primary hydrochemistry type were HCO-Ca and HCO·SO-Ca, with the proportion 58.33% and 20.83% respectively;the groundwater quality primary was preferable(class Ⅲ), accounting for 50.00% of total water sample in the Basin;the import flow was 117 094.5 m^(3)/d, while the discharge flow was 416 007.8 m^(3)/d of external surface water, basic runoff was 298 913.3 m^(3)/d in the Qingtang Karst Basin. Based on the enrichment degree of karst groundwater and surface water in the basin, development conditions of groundwater and environmental load capacity, etc, combined features of landform and watershed, prone partition of karst collapse in the basin, this paper proposed development and utilization zoning of the karst groundwater resources, which can provide basis for rational utilization of the karst water resources in the area.