东北野生大林姬鼠感染小型缩小膜壳绦虫病观察报道

Observation and Report on Infection of Apodemus agrarius with Hymenolepis miniatura in Northeast China

课题组在进行针阔混交林林缘鼠类调查期间捕获大林姬鼠16只,其中1只出现消瘦、躁动不安等症状,为了探究其发病原因,对大林姬鼠外部特征进行了比较,并在实验室常规饲养7 d,记录其临床表现;对患病鼠进行解剖,观察各脏器眼观病变,取肠道内容物进行寄生虫虫体及虫卵的检测。结果显示:患病鼠体长、耳长、前后足长、尾长及体质量均低于同种鼠,体质量与其他健康鼠差异性极显著(P<0.01)。饲养期间,患病鼠活力低于同类成体,进食欲望不高,体质量下降0.707 g,同时机警性极强,对外界刺激表现行为激惹,并进行主动攻击。剖检发现,病鼠小肠多处结节状隆起,并在小肠内分离出体长132.32~178.21mm的寄生虫体5只,经虫体特征及虫卵观察,初步鉴定为小型缩小膜壳绦虫。综上,通过对患病大林姬鼠感染缩小膜壳绦虫分析,为林区鼠害防控以及人兽共患病防治提供基础性依据。

The research group captured 16 Apodemus agrarius during the investigation of the rodents at the forest edge of the coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest. One of them showed symptoms such as weight wasting and restlessness. In order to explore the causes of its occurrence, the external characteristics of Apodemus agrarius were compared, and it was kept in the laboratory for 7 days, and its clinical manifestations were recorded. The dised rats were dissected to observe the ocular lesions of various organs, and the intestinal contents were taken for the detection of parasite bodies and eggs. The results showed that the body length, ear length, front and rear foot length, tail length and body weight of the diseased mice were lower than those of the same kind of mice, and the body weight was significantly different from that of other healthy mice(P<0.01). During the feeding period, the vitality of the sick mice was lower than that of the adults of the same kind, the appetite for food was not high, and the body weight was reduced by 0.707 g. At the same time, they were extremely alert, showed behavior provocation to external stimuli, and actively attacked. After autopsy, it was found that there were many nodular protuberances in the small intestine of the sick mice, and 5 parasite bodies with a length of 132.32-178.21 mm were isolated from the small intestine. After observation of the parasite body characteristics and eggs, it was preliminarily identified as a small Hymenolepis miniatura. In conclusion, the analysis of Hymenolepis diminuta in the small intestine of Apodemus agrarius can provide a basic basis for the prevention and control of rodent damage and zoonosis in forest areas.